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What is a Mineral?

What is a Mineral?. Naturally Occurring. Inorganic. Solid. Crystal Structure. Chemical Composition. Physical Properties to Identify Minerals. Hardness (Mohs hardness scale) Color Streak (true color of a minerals powder) Luster (how it reflects light )

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What is a Mineral?

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  1. What is a Mineral? Naturally Occurring Inorganic Solid Crystal Structure Chemical Composition

  2. Physical Properties to Identify Minerals • Hardness (Mohs hardness scale) • Color • Streak (true color of a minerals powder) • Luster (how it reflects light ) • Density (heft test and displacement test) • Crystal System • Cleavage and Fracture • Special Properties

  3. How do Minerals Form ? • Through the crystallization of melted materials • Through the crystallization of materials dissolved in water

  4. What determines the crystal size ? • Slow cooling deep below the surface will allow the formation of large crystals • Fast cooling at or near the surface will allow the formation of small crystals

  5. How are Minerals Used ? • Gemstones • Metals • Other uses

  6. Quartz • Glass • Electronics • Most common mineral in the earth’s crust

  7. Fluorite • The most colorful mineral • Used in toothpaste

  8. Pyrite • Known as Fools Gold

  9. Graphite • Made of Carbon • Used in pencils

  10. Galena • Used in fishing equipment • Metallic Luster

  11. Hematite • Known as Bloodstone

  12. Magnetite • Known as Lodestone • Cubic crystal structure • Magnetic properties

  13. Talc • Softest mineral • Used to make powder

  14. Gypsum • Used in sheetrock

  15. Muscovite Mica • Very thin and flakes off in sheets

  16. Halite • Cubic crystal structure • Salt

  17. Calcite • Produces a double image • Reacts with HCl • Has cleavage

  18. Feldspar • Cleavage • Nonmetallic Luster

  19. Diamond • Made of carbon • The hardest mineral

  20. Iron Ore • A rock that contains a metal or economically useful mineral Platinum Ore Copper Ore

  21. Strip Mine

  22. Open Pit Mine

  23. Shaft Mine

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