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CHAPTER: 27 – The Age of Anxiety, ca. 1900-1940

CHAPTER: 27 – The Age of Anxiety, ca. 1900-1940. OVERALL . Based on trends during the 1920’s, WAS the Second World War inevitable?. Uncertainty in Modern Thought. How does philosophy deal with the questions raised by the First World War?.

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CHAPTER: 27 – The Age of Anxiety, ca. 1900-1940

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  1. CHAPTER: 27– The Age of Anxiety, ca. 1900-1940 OVERALL • Based on trends during the 1920’s, WAS the Second World War inevitable?

  2. Uncertainty in Modern Thought • How does philosophy deal with the questions raised by the First World War? Enlightenment Friedrich Nietzsche Henri Bergson Georges Sorel Ludwig Wittgenstein / logical positivism

  3. Uncertainty in Modern Thought • How does philosophy deal with the questions raised by the First World War? existentialism Martin Heidegger / Karl Jaspers Jean-Paul Sartre Albert Camus / absurdism

  4. Uncertainty in Modern Thought • How does Christianity make a “comeback”? Soren Kierkegaard Feodor Dostoevsky Karl Barth Gabriel Marcel / Jacques Maritain returnees / converts

  5. Uncertainty in Modern Thought • How does the new physics only add to the sense of anxiety? Marie Curie / radioactivity Max Planck / quantum theory

  6. Uncertainty in Modern Thought • How does the new physics only add to the sense of anxiety? Albert Einstein / relativity

  7. Uncertainty in Modern Thought • How does the new physics only add to the sense of anxiety? “heroic age of physics” Ernest Rutherford / split atom Werner Heisenberg / uncertainty

  8. Uncertainty in Modern Thought • How did Freud bring uncertainty to the inner world of the human mind? irrational unconscious id / ego / superego psychoanalysis neurosis Civilization and Its Discontents

  9. Uncertainty in Modern Thought • How do new literary techniques and subjects reflect the age? Marcel Proust stream of consciousness Virginia Woolf William Faulkner James Joyce Oswald Spengler T.S. Eliot Franz Kafka

  10. Modernism in Architecture, Art, and Music • How does “modernism” evidence itself in architecture? Frank Lloyd Wright / organic Le Corbusier / functionalism international style Walter Gropius / Bauhaus Ludwig Mies van der Rohe

  11. Modernism in Architecture, Art, and Music • How does “modernism” evidence itself in the visual arts prior to the 20th century? Impressionism Monet / Degas / Cassatt Postimpressionism Van Gogh / Cezanne Secessionists / Klimt

  12. Modernism in Architecture, Art, and Music • How does “modernism” evidence itself in the visual arts after 1900? Fauvism / Matisse Cubism / Picasso Expressionism / Kandinsky Dadaism / Duchamp / Grosz Surrealism / Dali

  13. Modernism in Architecture, Art, and Music • How does “modernism” evidence itself in music? Igor Stravinsky / Rite of Spring Alban Berg / atonality Arnold Schonberg / twelve tone

  14. An Emerging Consumer Society • How do the developments in mass culture during the late industrial revolution begin to form a society of consumerism? technology mass production marketing department stores leisure time democratization / status

  15. An Emerging Consumer Society • What is revolutionary in the lives of women? “new woman” reality or marketing? “flappers”

  16. An Emerging Consumer Society • What are the criticisms of consumerist mass culture? socialists conservatives religious leaders

  17. An Emerging Consumer Society • How is cinema used in Europe? The Battle of the Somme Nosferatu Metropolis Sergei Eisenstein Leni Riefenstahl / Triumph of the Will

  18. An Emerging Consumer Society • How does radio become a political force? Marconi Lord Northcliffe BBC ownership politicians dramatic oratory / “fireside chats”

  19. The Search for Peace and Political Stability • What is the first post-Versailles crisis? reparations John Maynard Keynes Rhineland Little Entente

  20. The Search for Peace and Political Stability • What is the first post-Versailles crisis? Weimar Republic moratorium Raymond Poincare / Ruhr Valley inflation Gustav Stresemann

  21. The Search for Peace and Political Stability • Do politicians overcome the problems created by the Treaty of Versailles during the 1920’s? Dawes Plan “spirit of Locarno” League of Nations Kellogg-Briand Pact

  22. The Search for Peace and Political Stability • Why does democracy appear to be gaining health by 1929? Weimar Republic Social Democrats / Communists Third Republic / franc LabourParty / Ramsey MacDonald Conservative Party / Stanley Baldwin

  23. The Great Depression • How does the stock market crash of 1929 begin to undo all of the progress made during the 1920’s? overproduction / speculation loans / gold reserves tariffs inventories / unemployment “counter-cyclical policy”

  24. The Great Depression • What are the implications of the high unemployment of the Great Depression? Birthrate poverty marriage / birthrate suicide / mental illness

  25. The Great Depression • Does the United States actually use socialism to fight the Depression? Hoover F. D. R. / “New Deal” Agricultural Adjustment Act National Recovery Administration Works Progress Administration National Labor Relations Act Second World War

  26. The Great Depression • Why are Sweden and Norway so successful in combatting the Depression? Social Democrats Scandinavian socialism deficit spending / public works social welfare bureaucracy / taxes

  27. The Great Depression • Which deals with the Depression more effectively, Great Britain or France? National Government gold standard / tariffs balanced budget domestic industry/markets

  28. The Great Depression • Which deals with the Depression more effectively, Great Britain or France? coalitions Popular Front Leon Blum social welfare Spanish Civil War

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