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Photosynthesis and Energy for Life

Photosynthesis and Energy for Life. Energy for Life. All living things are made of matter (atoms) and all living things need energy. 5 characteristics of life (from 7 th grade!) All living things are organized (made of cells) All living things respond to their environment

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Photosynthesis and Energy for Life

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  1. Photosynthesis and Energy for Life

  2. Energy for Life • All living things are made of matter (atoms) and all living things need energy. • 5 characteristics of life (from 7th grade!) • All living things are organized (made of cells) • All living things respond to their environment • All living things grow and develop • All living things reproduce • All living things USE ENERGY

  3. Can you name the five kingdoms?

  4. So where does this energy used by all living things come from? • Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only change form (Law of Conservation of Energy) • For example: Potential energy at the top of a hill is converted to kinetic, thermal, and sound energy as the roller coaster rolls down the hill.

  5. Nearly all energy for life comes from the Sun • The Sun produces electromagnetic energy through nuclear fusion

  6. But how can we use electromagnetic energy for the energy we need to live? • It needs to be converted!

  7. Photosynthesis • Photosynthesis converts light energy into food (chemical) energy. • Plants convert the energy of sunlight into the energy of chemical bonds of sugars and other carbohydrates http://www.eia.doe.gov/kids/energyfacts/sources/renewable/images/photosynthesis1.gif

  8. What organelle performs this energy conversion? • Chloroplast! • Do Animals have chloroplasts? • No- how do you know? • We can’t perform photosynthesis

  9. Photosynthesis • Begins with (reactants): • Sunlight (light energy) • Water (from the ground) • Carbon dioxide (from the air)

  10. Photosynthesis • Ends with (products): • Oxygen • Glucose • Stored chemical energy

  11. Chemical or physical reaction? Products Reactants CO2 + H2O + light  C6H12O6 + O2 From the air Water taken up by roots Energy (Light Energy) Oxygen Glucose (ChemicalEnergy)

  12. So how do we get the chemical energy out of the glucose? • Digestion is the process in the body that breaks these chemical bonds and releases the chemical energy in foods. • This chemical potential energy is changed into kinetic and thermal energy as your body moves.

  13. What organelle converts the chemical energy into a usable form for animals? • The mitochondria (the battery) • Sugar and oxygen go in, energy (ATP), CO2, and water come out.

  14. Energy is not created or destroyed, just changed in form. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eo5XndJaz-Y photosynthesis process

  15. Energy transfer

  16. Conserving Energy • Electric power plants don’t make electrical energy. • Energy cannot be created. • Energy CAN be converted from other forms of energy such as chemical, solar, or nuclear energy.

  17. Solar Power, along with wind and hydroelectric account for most of the renewable energy sources available to use. Solar energy can be collected by humans through photovoltaic cells or solar panels.  Solar Energy

  18. What do the photovoltaic panel and the wheat plant, shown in the images below, have in common? Photovoltaic Wheat

  19. ANSWER: They both convert sunlight, (electromagnetic energy), into chemical potential energy • The photovoltaic absorbs solar energy and stores it as chemical potential energy in batteries. • The leaves of the wheat plant absorb solar energy which is (mainly) stored as chemical potential energy in compounds called carbohydrates.

  20. Energy chains http://vitalnj.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/tdc02.sci.life.oate.energyflow/energy-flow/ http://www.ispot.tv/ad/7ZF_/perdue-farm-vegetarian-diet • Where do plants get the energy they need to grow? • What do plants use most of their energy for? • How would changing to a plant-based diet help reduce world hunger?

  21. Homework: Create an energy chain of your dinner or lunch from yesterday. You need to: • Drawa picture for each step and (be sure to include the sun) COLOR! • Describe the energy conversions that occur at each step

  22. Energy Change Example The fusion of hydrogen atoms converts nuclear energy into electromagnetic energy. Chemical energy (in the food and drink) is converted into thermal and kinetic energy for me to grow and do all of the life processes. Chemical energy (in the corn) is converted into chemical energy (eggs and bacon), and thermal and kinetic energy for growing the animal. Light energy is converted into chemical energy (food), and energy for growing the plant.

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