Planning and Preliminary Engineering Guide For Using the Highway Capacity Manual

1. Planning and Preliminary Engineering Guide For Using the Highway Capacity Manual NCHRP 7-22 Workshop

2. Agenda • The Project (9:00 AM) • Overview of the Guide (9:30 AM) • Case Studies • Long Range Regional Plan Update (10:30 AM) • Freeway Master Plan (11:30 AM) • Urban Street BRT Project Planning (2:00 PM) • System Performance Monitoring (2:45 PM) • Wrap Up (3:15 PM)

3. 1. NCHRP 7-22 Project

4. NCHRP 7-22 • To develop a guide to help planners take advantage of the HCM to improve their results. • Status • Stakeholder workshops held to identify planning needs and how the HCM might help. • Initial rough draft guide for stakeholder review (October) • Revised draft guide for panel review in December. • Final guide submitted for publication June 2015

5. The People • The Research Team • Kittelson & Associates - Rick Dowling, Paul Ryus • North Carolina State University - Bastian Schroeder • University of Idaho - Michael Kyte • Stantec – Tom Creasey • The Panel

6. 2. Overview of Guide 09:30

7. Contents • Part I - How To Use the Guide • Long and Short Range Areawide Planning • Project Traffic and Environmental Studies • Highway Performance Monitoring • Part 2 – Procedures • Part 3 – Case Studies • Long Range Regional Transportation Plan Analysis • Freeway Future Conditions Analysis • Analysis of BRT Project on Urban Street • Roadway System Monitoring

8. Part 1- Gateway to the Guide

9. Part 1- Gateway to the Guide

10. Part 1- Gateway to the Guide

11. Part 2 - Procedures • Default Values • Generalized Service Volume Tables • Working with Traffic Demand Data • Intersection Traffic Control • Guidance for Freeways • Guidance for Multilane Highways • Guidance for Two-Lane Highways • Guidance for Urban Streets • Guidance for Signalized Intersections • Guidance for Stop-Controlled Intersections • Guidance for Roundabouts • Guidance for Interchange Ramp Terminals • Guidance for Off-Street Pathways • Guidance for Corridors • Guidance for Areas and Systems Input Data Facilities Intersections Other

12. Part 2 – Section E:Freeway Procedures • E1. Overview • E2. Computational Tools • E3. Data Needs • E4. Estimating Inputs • Free flow Speed • Capacity • E5. Performance Measures • Speed • Level of Service • Queues • Reliability

13. First Page - Intro

14. Freeway Data Needs

15. Typical Procedures

16. Part 2 – Section H:Urban Street Procedures • H1. Overview • H2. Computational Tools • H3. Data Needs • H4. Segment Performance • H5. Intersection Perform. • H6. Facility Performance

17. First Page

18. Urban Street Data Needs

19. Typical Procedure

20. Part 2 Section I –Signalized Intersections • I1. Overview • I2. Computational Tools • I3. Data Needs & Limits • I4. Performance Estimation • Screening – Critical Lane Vol. • v/c ratio • Delay • LOS • Queue • Reliability (sensitivity analysis) • Bike/Ped LOS – see Section M

21. Signalized Intersection Data Needs

22. Part 2 Section O –Areawide Analyses • O1. Overview • O2. Computational Tools • O3. Data Needs • O4. Estimate Demand Model Inputs • Free-Flow Speed • Capacity • O5. Performance Measures • Auto – V/C, Speed, VHT, Delay, LOS, Density, Queue, Reliability.

23. Data Needs – Areawide Analysis

24. “No-Fault” Capacity Look Up Table

25. Multimodal LOS Dashboard – For Systems

26. Comments So Far? • Outline and Contents of Guide (Part 1, 2, 3) • What do you like so far? • What do you dislike? • What is missing?

27. 3. Case studies 10:30

28. Case Study #1 – Regional Planning

29. Case 1 - LRTP • Fresno COG 2040 Regional Transportation Plan • - 6,000 square miles • - 1 million population

30. Objectives • Conduct transportation performance and investment alternatives analysis required to update 2040 LRTP • Auto, truck, bus, bicycle, and pedestrian analyses to be performed. • Travel Demand Forecasting Model to be Used

31. Example Problems • Example Problems that Develop Demand Model Inputs • Example I.1 – Estimation of Free-Flow Speeds and Capacities • Example I.2 – HCM Based Volume-Delay Functions • Example Problems Post Processing Demand Model Outputs • Example I.3 – Estimating Speeds for Air Quality & Noise Analysis • Example I.4 – Screening for Auto V/C and LOS Hot Spots • Example I.5 – Predicting Queues & Delay • Example I.6 – Interpretation of Results • Example I.7 – Prediction of Reliability • Example I.8 – Transit, bicycle, and pedestrian LOS screening • Example I.9 – Truck LOS screening

32. Example I.1 – estimating Free-flow Speeds & Capacities • Objective • To develop lookup table of free-flow speeds and capacities for coding the highway network • Approach • Step 1: Identify facility categorization scheme • Step 2: Determine free-flow speeds • Step 3: Determine capacities

33. Picking facility TYpes

34. For Free-Flow Speeds • Consult Appropriate HCM Chapter for Procedure, or • Use Posted Speed Limit + 5 mph

35. For Free-Flow Speeds • Consult Appropriate HCM Chapter for Procedure, or • Use Posted Speed Limit + 5 mph

36. Use “No-Fault” Capacity Table from part 2 - Section o Arterial/Collector assume 1900 ideal sat flow rate

37. Pick 80% HCM PC Capacity Arterial/Collector assume 1900 ideal sat flow rate

38. Example Result

39. Comments? • Example I.1 – Creation of free-flow speed and capacity look-up tables

40. Example #I.2 – HCM Based Volume-delay Functions • Objective • To select an HCM based volume-delay function for demand model • Approach • Step 1: Select volume-delay function type • BPR and Akcelik • Step 2: Set parameters • Match Speed at Capacity • Compute Akcelik parameter • Compute BPR parameter • Step 3: Select preferred volume-delay function

41. Akcelik Where: T0 = Free-flow travel time X = volume/capacity ratio J = calibration parameter L = length of the link

42. BPR Where: T0 = Free-flow travel time X = volume/capacity ratio A = speed at capacity calibration parameter B = rate of travel time increase calibration parameter

43. Smooth vs Rough Pipe BPR Akcelik Everybody waits their turn here. Everybody goes slow entire length T Free-Flowing here

44. Splitting Smooth & Rough PipeS BPR Akcelik 0.5 T or T T or 2T T Problem for DTA, No Problem for SUE Models No Problem for DTA, Problem for SUE Models

45. Comparing Speeds

46. Comparing Speeds Speed at Capacity

47. Calibrating to Speed at Capacity Akcelik BPR

48. Calibrated Curves

49. All Get Same Speed at Capacity Speed at Capacity

50. Comparing Travel Times