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This document provides a comprehensive overview of the international patenting process under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT). It outlines the roles of various authorities such as the International Searching Authority (ISA) and the International Preliminary Examining Authority (IPEA) in the examination of patent applications. Key phases include international filing, publication, and national phase entry. The process involves transmitting reports, filing demands for written opinions, and understanding the timeline from the priority date to national protection. This guide is essential for applicants seeking international patent rights.
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International Searching Authority (ISA) International Preliminary Examining Authority (IPEA) Invention transmit reports* is the object of is filed with transmit application communicate Patent application Receiving Office (local patent office) PCT International Bureau grant Designated Offices (foreign patent offices) Patents publish International Publication International Phase National Phase Months from Priority Date 0 12 16 18 22 28 30 File Local Application (Priority Date) File PCT Application with Receiving Office (International Filing Date) ISR & Written Opinion (IPRP I) International Publication File Demand for IPRP II (optional) IPRP II National Phase Entry (where Applicants seek Protections) * ISA transmit International Search Reports (ISR) & the Written Opinions / IPEA transmit International Preliminary Reports on Patentability II (IPRP II) (optional) Overview of the Patenting Process using the PCT System