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The Buzz Around Greenland

President Donald Trump has renewed his ambition to take control of Greenland for national security reasons and questioned whether Denmark has any legal right to the Arctic island. By Jacob Gronholt-Pedersen, Soren Jeppesen and Stine Jacobsen

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The Buzz Around Greenland

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  1. The Buzz Around Greenland

  2. Denmark colonised Greenland in the 18th century when missionary Hans Egede arrived in 1721, marking the start of the colonial era. In 1916, the United States bought the Danish West Indies - now the U.S. Virgin Islands - for $25 million in gold. As part of that treaty, Washington declared it would not object to the Danish government extending its "political and economic interests to the whole of... Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  3. Greenland shifted from colony to formal territory in 1953 under Denmark’s constitution, though Greenlanders were not consulted. Any sale would require a constitutional amendment. Since 2009, Greenland can declare independence through a self-rule process requiring a referendum and Danish parliamentary approval. Autonomy is extensive but excludes foreign affairs and defence unless agreed.... Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  4. Greenland joined the European Community in 1973 via Denmark but withdrew in 1985 after gaining home rule. It now holds Overseas Country and Territory status with the EU, maintaining a special fisheries arrangement. PICTURED: A general view of the landscape outside Nuuk, Greenland, September 9, 2021. REUTERS/Hannibal Hanschke Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  5. Relations between Denmark and Greenland have been strained by revelations of historical misconduct. In the 1950s, Danish authorities forcibly relocated Inuit to larger towns, marginalising the practices and languages of indigenous people who make up almost 90% of the population. Denmark apologised in 2022 for a 1950s experiment that sent Greenlandic children to Denmark. PICTURE: Nuuk,... Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  6. Greenland joined the European Community in 1973 via Denmark but withdrew in 1985 after gaining home rule. It now holds Overseas Country and Territory status with the EU, maintaining a special fisheries arrangement. PICTURED: The melting Sermeq glacier is seen around 80 km in the south of Nuuk, Greenland, September 13, 2021. REUTERS/Hannibal Hanschke Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  7. Polls indicate a majority of Greenlanders support independence in principle. But many warn against rushing due to economic reliance on Denmark and becoming overly exposed to the United States if independence is pursued too quickly. Fishing accounts for over 90% of exports, while Danish subsidies cover about half the public budget, funding hospitals and schools and underpinning infrastructure... Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  8. The U.S. military maintains a permanent presence at Pituffik air base in northwest Greenland under a 1951 agreement granting freedom to build bases with Danish and Greenlandic notification. Denmark has historically accommodated the U.S. presence because Copenhagen does not have the capability to defend Greenland and benefits from U.S. security guarantees through NATO. PICTURED: A view shows the... Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  9. Trump has said acquiring Greenland is a national security priority. The shortest route from Europe to North America runs via Greenland, making it important for the U.S. ballistic missile early-warning system. Nuuk is closer to New York than to Copenhagen.Greenland sits at a geopolitical crossroads amid Arctic militarisation by NATO, Russia and China. The U.S. wants to expand its military... Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  10. Independence could allow association with the U.S. under a Compact of Free Association, similar to agreements with Micronesia, Palau and the Marshall Islands. COFA typically provides U.S. services and military protection in exchange for defence access, but whether Greenland would benefit depends on the scale of support and the pace of economic diversification beyond fishing. PICTURED: An icberg... Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  11. When Trump offered to buy the island during his first presidential term, Danish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen called it "absurd". Frederiksen and Greenland's Prime Minister Jens-Frederik Nielsen reiterated in December 2025 that Greenland could not be annexed and international security did not justify such a move. PICTURED: People visit the Tivoli fairground in Nuuk, Greenland, September 5,... Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  12. Houses are pictured in Nuuk, Greenland, September 4, 2021. REUTERS/Hannibal Hanschke Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  13. An iceberg is seen close to Nuuk, Greenland, September 10, 2021. REUTERS/Hannibal Hanschke Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  14. The melting Sermeq glacier is seen around 80 km in the south of Nuuk, Greenland, September 13, 2021. REUTERS/Hannibal Hanschke Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  15. A soccer goal is pictured in Qeqertarsuatsiaat, Greenland, September 12, 2021. REUTERS/Hannibal Hanschke Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  16. Melting ice is seen in the south of Nuuk, Greenland, September 13, 2021. REUTERS/Hannibal Hanschke Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  17. The Jakobshavn glacier is seen at the Jakobshavn ice fjord near Ilulissat, Greenland, September 16, 2021. REUTERS/Hannibal Hanschke Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  18. A general view of the landscape outside Nuuk, Greenland, September 9, 2021. REUTERS/Hannibal Hanschke Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  19. A mural of a woman and a polar bear is pictured in Nuuk, Greenland, September 5, 2021. REUTERS/Hannibal Hanschke Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  20. Icebergs are seen at the mouth of the Jakobshavn ice fjord during sunset near Ilulissat, Greenland, September 16, 2021. REUTERS/Hannibal Hanschke Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  21. Melting water and glacier mud are pictured in the North of Kangerlussuaq, Greenland, September 17, 2021. REUTERS/Hannibal Hanschke Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  22. An iceberg is seen at the shore of a graveyard in Nuuk, Greenland, September 13, 2021. REUTERS/Hannibal Hanschke Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  23. A view of construction sites in Nuuk, Greenland, September 8, 2021. REUTERS/Hannibal Hanschke Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  24. The melting Sermeq glacier, located around 80 km south of Nuuk, is seen, Greenland, September 11, 2021. REUTERS/Hannibal Hanschke Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  25. Icebergs are seen at the mouth of the Jakobshavn ice fjord during sunset near Ilulissat, Greenland, September 16, 2021. REUTERS/Hannibal Hanschke Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

  26. Houses are pictured in Nuuk, Greenland, September 9, 2021. REUTERS/Hannibal Hanschke Purchase Licensing Rights , opens new tab

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