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Pisa Math And Science Scores, 15-year olds, 2006

Pisa Math And Science Scores, 15-year olds, 2006. % of Graduate Degrees Awarded in Math and Sciences, 2005, OECD Nations. Average NAEP Reading Scale Scores, By Race and Age . NAEP 8th Grade Science Scores, by Race, Ethnicity and Parents' Highest Level of Education, 2005 .

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Pisa Math And Science Scores, 15-year olds, 2006

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  1. Pisa Math And Science Scores, 15-year olds, 2006

  2. % of Graduate Degrees Awarded in Math and Sciences, 2005, OECD Nations

  3. Average NAEP Reading Scale Scores, By Race and Age

  4. NAEP 8th Grade Science Scores, by Race, Ethnicity and Parents' Highest Level of Education, 2005

  5. Students Meeting State and National 8th-Grade Math Standards, by State: 2005

  6. Extreme Poverty Population: $1.25\day, 1981-2005(millions)

  7. Regional and World Poverty Rates: $1.25\day 1981-05

  8. What is Poverty? • In 1963-1964, Molly Orshansky based poverty thresholds on the “thrifty food plan”, • Thrifty food budget (family of 4) = $1,033 • Families spent 1/3 of their budget on food. • 1963 Poverty level = $3,100 • Subsequent years, adjusted for CPI inflation index

  9. 2009 Poverty thresholds

  10. Problems with definition of Poverty • Wealth and debt not counted • Unusual family expenditures not counted. • Regional living costs • Families now spend only 1/6th income on food • MEASURING INCOME……….

  11. Measuring Income • “money income” before taxes, including wages, salaries, interest, dividends, self-employment income, welfare payments (TANF), unemployment insurance, and social security payments. • Poverty Reportfrom March Current Population Survey, 50,000 households

  12. Problems with the Definition of Family Income • Income not counted: Food Stamps, Medicaid & Medicare, Public Housing, Earned Income Tax Credit • Persons not counted: the institutionalized, Army barracks, unrelated individuals under 15

  13. Problems defining “Family” • Must be related • Family defined in March,BUT Income, defined in previous year • Unrelated children individual counted as neither poor nor non-poor.

  14. Overcounting the poor? • Inflation adjustment overestimates inflation. • Food stamps not counted as income. • Other in-kind benefits (which have increased overtime) not counted. (Housing, Medical). • Earned Income Tax Credit not counted. • Under reporting of income.

  15. Undercounting the Poor? • Food now takes 1/6 of typical budget. • High regional living costs • Unusual family living costs (e.g., medical) • Increased FICA (social security) taxes • Sample under-represents poor

  16. US Poverty Rates, by Age, 1959-2008

  17. Persons in female-headed families, Number (millions) and Poverty rate, 1959-08

  18. Males 15 yrs and Older, Mean and Median Income: 1972-2007

  19. Median Income, Males Age 25-34, 1947-2007 (constant 2007 $)

  20. Median Income, Age 25-34, by sex 1947-2007 (constant 2007 $)

  21. % share of Household income

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