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Psychometric Issues in the Use of Testing Accommodations

Psychometric Issues in the Use of Testing Accommodations. Chapter 4 David Goh. Testing Accommodations and Psychometric Soundness. Federal and state laws require that nonbiased procedures be used in assessment

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Psychometric Issues in the Use of Testing Accommodations

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  1. Psychometric Issues in the Use of Testing Accommodations Chapter 4 David Goh

  2. Testing Accommodations and Psychometric Soundness • Federal and state laws require that nonbiased procedures be used in assessment • But does using testing accommodations make the technical aspects of the tests questionable? • Reliability: accuracy • Validity: effectiveness, consistency and stability of scores

  3. Standardization • Standardization implies uniformity of procedures in administering a test and scoring the results • Poses a problem for diverse learners who exhibit different physical, sensory, linguistic, cultural and or psychological qualities from the general population • In theory all accommodations compromise standardization, so issues of validity and reliability need to be examined

  4. Reliability • Refers to consistency and stability • High reliability produces consistent results • Low reliability produces inconsistent results • Ex- ELLs using a bilingual interpreter may make different interpretations • Accommodations and modifications may increase measurement errors and decrease reliability • Methods of examining reliability include comparing scores of the same test takers on different administration, with different sets of times, or with different scores or examiners

  5. Validity • Refers to effectiveness- is the test testing what it intended • If used right- accommodations can increase validity • If used inappositely, accommodations may nullify the results • Types: content, response process, internal structure, other variables, and consequences of testing

  6. Effect of Accommodations • Limited evidence on the effect of test accommodations on reliability and validity • Studies have shown that testing accommodations on SAT and GRE did not significantly effect reliability and validity • However, findings are not generalizable • But, some accommodations have been found to increase student performance- ex- extended time

  7. Flagging Test Scores • On large scale test a very controversial issue • Reveals examinee has a disability; prompts invalid inferences about score and prejudice; identifies and violates person with disabilities privacy that is protected under the law • If comparability can be demonstrated between standard and non-standard administration, there is no need to flag • However, if test results are not comparable, then testing accommodations need to be noted and explained

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