Plant Reproduction

1. Plant Reproduction More interesting than you think

2. Types of Plants • There are three types of plants • Without seeds – Mosses and ferns • With seeds - Gymnosperms • With seeds and flowers - Angiosperm • This is what we focus on this week. Photo by Mrs. Gilmore Photo by Mrs. Gilmore

3. Angiosperms – seeds and flowers • “Vessel seed” because they are covered by flowers thus they have fruit. • But you will only see flowers during the reproductive “season”. Nectarine in bloom in spring. Then, the fruit. Photo by Mrs. Gilmore

4. Life Cycle 1. Pollen travels by wind, gravity, water or animal. 2. Pollen lands on the stigma. This is pollination 3. A pollen tube grows to reach the ovary. 4. When the pollen tube reaches the ovary then it releases sperm. This is fertilization.

5. Life Cycle 5. Each ovule and embryo will become a seed. 6. The ovary will become the fruit to protect the seed. 7. The seeds can grow into new genetically related plants. 8. Then the cycle can repeat

6. One house or two? • Separate diploid male and female parts produce haploid sperm and eggs (like us). • But they can be on the same plant or different plants. • Monoecious – one house • Dioecious – two houses

7. But you don’t always see the flower in your daily life! A B Photo by Mrs. Gilmore Photo by Mrs. Gilmore Which picture occurred first? Talk with your partner. What is your evidence? Broccoli is a flowering plant. But you eat it BEFORE it fully flowers. C Photo by Mrs. Gilmore

8. Let’s look at some examples.

9. Left - Weeping willow? So do willows have male and female reproductive parts on the same tree or different trees? Talk with your partner. What evidence would you need to decide?

10. Weeping willow Photo by Mrs. Gilmore It is dioecious – two houses – two separate plants for male and female So which one is the male tree and which one is the female? Talk with your partner and give evidence.

11. Weeping willow Photo by Mrs. Gilmore Male tree Female tree You see only anthers and filaments. You see only flowers

12. Holly – It’s in season for the holidays It is dioecious – two houses – two separate plants for male and female But which branch has the male and which one the female? Talk with your partner and give evidence. Male – because of anther and filament Female – because you see the petals.

13. Size doesn’t matter Largest Flowers in World A small flower – 5mm Photo by Mrs. Gilmore • Rafflesia and Titan Arum • Japanese Maple They smell REALLY bad? Why? They have no smell? Why?

14. Size doesn’t matter – Look again How do you know it is a flower? What other evidence would you need? Photo by Mrs. Gilmore

15. Carnivorous Plants – Because you want to know! • There are 600 species • They lure prey, catch prey, kill prey and then digest and absorb the nutrients. • This is NOT a method of reproduction. What type of plant are they? Talk with your partner, what evidence do you see in the picture?

16. The Venus Flytrap It is monoeicous – it has male and female reproductive parts on the same flower. Here is it’s fruit!

17. P.S. Photo by Mrs. Gilmore Even grasses are flowering plants Photo by Mrs. Gilmore

18. Closure question? • What comes first the fruit or the flower? Explain your answer. The flower, because it has the reproductive organs. Photo by Mrs. Gilmore