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Genetics

Genetics. Travis Mackoy. Gregor Mendel. 1860s Developed basic principles of genetics Studied genetics of pea plants. Basic Terminology. Gene- Basic Unit of heredity Allele- Gene that exists in >1 form Genotype- Genetic makeup of individual

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Genetics

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  1. Genetics Travis Mackoy

  2. Gregor Mendel • 1860s • Developed basic principles of genetics • Studied genetics of pea plants

  3. Basic Terminology • Gene- Basic Unit of heredity • Allele- Gene that exists in >1 form • Genotype- Genetic makeup of individual • Phenotype- Physical manifestation of genotype

  4. Mendel’s First Law:Law of Segregation • Genes exist in alternate forms • Two alleles for each inherited trait; one from each parent • Alleles separate during meiosis, resulting in gametes carrying one allele • And…

  5. Dominance • If two alleles are different, one will be dominant and the other will be silent. • Dominant- denoted by capital letter • Recessive- denoted by lower case letter

  6. Punnett Square • Way to predict monohybrid cross • Aa x Aa • A=black flowers, a=white flowers Genotype: 1:3:1 Phenotype: 3 Black: 1 White

  7. Mendel’s Second Law:Law of Independent Assortment • Dihybrid Cross

  8. The Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance • Crossing Over/ Genetic Recombination • Occurs during meiosis (Prophase I)

  9. Variations on Mendelian Genetics • Incomplete Dominance • Co-dominance • Sex Determination: • Females have XX, while males have XY

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