The Internet and Web

1. Please turn your cell phone off. The Internet and Web Internet Technology Internet Communications Web technology Web Applications

2. Internet Technology http://www.cybergeography.org/atlas/atlas.html (topology)

3. ARPANET Internet Hardware • Internet Backbone • The core networks that make up the Internet. • Originally one central network called ARPANET • Today made up of severalnetwork service providersworking together.

4. Internet Hardware • Network Service Providers • Major telecom companies that provide the Internet backbone.

5. #1 UUNet #2 AT&T #4 Genuity #3 Sprint

6. Sprint Europe AT&T Global

7. Internet Hardware • Points of Presence (POPs) • Facilities provided by Network Service Providers that allow users to connect to the Internet backbone. • Internet Service Providers • Companies that provide users with access to the Internet. Top 22 ISP’s: http://www.isp-planet.com/research/rankings/usa.html

8. 7’ The Cisco CRS-1 router is controlled by a unique self-healing and self-defending operating system designed for always-on operation while scaling system capacity up to 92 Tbps. Routers such as this one manage traffic on the Internet Backbone. Internet Hardware • Routers: computing devices that manage network traffic by evaluating data packets and routing them to their distination. http://computer.howstuffworks.com/router1.htm

9. Packet Switching • Packet Switching Network • divide all network data into small packets for faster more efficient delivery. An email message Dear Joan, Hi! How’s it goin’? Just finished midterms, and it looks like I might graduate this semester after all! :-) My computer teacher is really great and I guess that I learned more than I thought in those wonderful lectures that I had previously written you about….

10. Packet Switching Divided into packets Dear Joan, Hi! How’s it goin’? Just finished midterms, and it looks like I might graduate this semester after all! :-) My computer teacher is really great and I guess that I learned more than I thought in those wonderful lectures that I had previously written you about….

11. Dear Joan, Hi! How’s it goin’? Just finished midterms, and it Message 3761HZA Date May 1 Packet 1 of 3From sweetykb@aol.comTo joan_kelly@yale.edu looks like I might graduate this semester after all! :-) My computer teacher is really great and I guess that I Message 3761HZA Date May 1 Packet 2 of 3From sweetykb@aol.comTo joan_kelly@yale.edu learned more than I thought in those wonderful lectures that I had previously written you about…. Message 3761HZA Date May 1 Packet 3 of 3From sweetykb@aol.comTo joan_kelly@yale.edu Packet Switching Packet headers added

12. Dear Joan, Hi! How’s it goin’? Just finished midterms, and it Message 3761HZA Date May 1 Packet 1 of 3From sweetykb@aol.comTo joan_kelly@yale.edu looks like I might graduate this semester after all! :-) My computer teacher is really great and I guess that I Message 3761HZA Date May 1 Packet 2 of 3From sweetykb@aol.comTo joan_kelly@yale.edu learned more than I thought in those wonderful lectures that I had previously written you about…. Message 3761HZA Date May 1 Packet 3 of 3From sweetykb@aol.comTo joan_kelly@yale.edu Packet Switching Each packet sent individually over the network

13. Router Router Router Router Router Router Router Router Router Packet Switched Network Router Router Router Router email Router Router email

14. Circuit Switched Network

15. Packet Switching • Packet switching is much more efficient than circuit switching. Technology:Networking/TelecomsWednesday 28 May 2003 Sprint moves to packet-switch networkSprint is to change its entire circuit-switched telephone network to packet technology in an attempt to keep up with customer demand for capacity. Sprint's eight million lines will be moved over to the packet-based asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) system, allowing voice, video and data to be broken down into small digital blocks and sent, in effect, simultaneously.This allows the network to be used more efficiently, and will also allow new multimedia services, Sprint said. Sprint is the first major telecoms company to move all of its local, tandem and long-distance networks over to packet technology, according to Nortel Networks spokeswoman Ann Fuller.

16. Packets Demo • Demo • http://acns.fsu.edu/~zeisler/usedu.html

17. Protocols • Rules that govern how data is transmitted and received. • Govern all Network and Internet communications: • The Internet • The Web • Email • Instant Messaging • Etc.

18. Internet Protocols • TCP/IP • Transaction Control Protocol (TCP): Divides data into packets for tramission, and reassembles data from packets upon delivery. • Internet Protocol (IP): Controls the delivery of packets between IP addresses. • IP Address • a 32-bit number that identifies each sender or receiver of information that is sent in packets across the Internet. • 10000000.11111111.10110101.00010111 • 128.255.181.29 • www.fsu.edu

19. Client/Server Peer-to-Peer Network Architectures Napster vs. Kazaa

20. Review: Internet Tech

21. Internet Communications

22. Types of Communication • Text • Voice • Video • In person

23. Types of Communication • Synchronous Communication takes place in real time. • Phone conversation • Instant Messaging • Asynchronous Communication allows participants to leave messages to be accessed whenever. • Voice mail • Email • SMS Texting

24. Face-to-face • Video conferencing • Phone (voice) • Instant messaging/Chat • Voice mail • Email • SMS Texting Synchronous Effectiveness Asynchronous Convenience Types of Communication

25. 1 2abc 3def 4ghi 5jkl 6mno 7pqrs 8tuv 9wxyz Decipher this! 35 or 243 possible words 0 Text Communications • SMS Text Messaging • Predictive Text Input 4ghi 3def 5jkl 5jkl 6mno http://www.transl8it.com

26. Internet Broadcasts RSS (Really Simple Syndication) A web-content distribution technology • Blogs (Web logs) • websites created to express one or more individual’s views on a given topic (ie. http://www.bloglines.com/topblogs) • Blog Aggregator: software that allows you to subscribe to numerous blogs (ie. http://www.bradsoft.com/feeddemon/) • Podcast • an MP3 audio file that contains a recorded broadcast distributed over the Internet for use on PC or Mobile media device. • Podcast Aggregator: provides access to podcasts that may be set to automatically download to your PC (iTunes). • Vlog (Vodcast) • Video-based blogs (www.vlogdir.com/)

27. Consumer Generated Media (CGM) • The recent trend of the general public capturing and reporting the news. • www.current.tv

28. Voice over IP (VoIP) • Technology that enables network managers to route phone calls over the same network they use for data. Future of Phones: http://newsroom.cisco.com/dlls/video_audio_archive/?all Also see Video Telephony

29. Residential VoIP • Residential VoIP, Broadband Phone • Phone service over a broadband Internet connection. • http://www.voipchoices.com/vonage.html

30. Review: Internet Communications

31. Web Technology

32. Web Protocols & Standards • HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol defines and controls communication between Web server and client. • URL: Uniform Resource Locator is the fancy name for a Web address. • HTML: Hypertext Markup Language is the formatting language used to define the appearance of Web pages. • XML: New and popular standard for describing and classifying data in a Web page.

33. Communications E-commerce The Web InformationDistribution The Internet The Internet & Web

34. Browser Helpers & Plugins • Plug-ins: Programs that work with the browser to offer extended services –typically the ability to view animations or video, listen to music, or interact with the Webpage. • Popular plug-ins include Flash and Quicktime. Demos:http://harrypotter.warnerbros.com http://getitnow.vzwshop.com/vcast.home.do http://www.toyota.com/vehicles/2005/prius/int360.html

35. Programming the Web • Java, Javascript, & J2ME • Programming languages with strong support for the Web and mobile devices such as cell phones. • ActiveX • Microsoft’s answer to Javascript • Downloaded/installed programs that run in Webpages. • Demo: http://www.nokia.com/nokia/0,6771,33213,00.html

36. Cookies • Data generated by a Web server, and stored on your computer. • Used to target marketing or customize a webpage when you next visit the server. • Demowww.amazon.com • IE/Tools/Options/Settings/

37. Web Tools • Search Engines: Helps us find information on the Web through keyword searches of databases built by spiders or crawlers (http://a9.com/). • Subject Directories: A catalog of sites collected and organized by people. • Portals: Web pages that serve as entry points to the Web.

38. Web Authoring • Web Authoring Software Macromedia’s Dreamweaver software allows you to design Webpages and Websites using a WYSIWYG interface.

39. Review: Web Tech

40. Web Applications

41. http://blog.johnkerry.com/ http://www.georgewbush.com/blog/ Communication and Collaboration • Blogs: Web logs provide a convenient means for publishing to the Web and creating on-line public forums.

42. News and Information • On-line news services allow you to drill-down into the story to get background information and details. Email news demo

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44. E-commerce • E-commerce has opened up new opportunities in buying and selling.

45. Travel • The Web has transformed the travel industry.

46. Employment and Careers • The Web assists us in researching career possibilities: • Selecting a career • Researching companies • Networking with colleagues • Searching want ads • Creating Resumes & Professional Websites

47. Multimedia & Entertainment • Music • Movies • Games

48. Don’t forget to turn your phone back on!! Questions?