2006 FFA FORESTRY DISTRICT CONTEST

1. 2006 FFA FORESTRY DISTRICT CONTEST General Knowledge test

2. 1 • Which of the following products come from trees? a ice cream b paints c cosmetics d toothpaste e all the above

3. 2 • Which is not one of the primary pine species found in Florida? a sand pine b pinyon pine c loblolly pine d longleaf pine e slash pine

4. 3 • Which pine is most resistant to fire? a slash pine b ponderosa pine c spruce pine d longleaf pine e loblolly pine

5. 4 • Scalping should be done at what time? a after trees have been planted for one month b when trees are about ten feet tall c when trees are about ready to be harvest d when getting ready to plant seedlings e none of the above

6. 5 • Prescribed burns help to do what? a improve wildlife habitat b build healthier forest c improve air quality d reduce fuel loads e answers a, b, and d

7. 6 • Which of the following processes is not used during the harvest of a stand of pine trees? a transporting b limbing c sorting d dibbling e felling

8. 7 • Each ______ the average American uses enough wood products to equal 16 inches in diameter and 100 feet tall. a day b week c month d year e lifetime

9. 8 • When implementing best management practices (BMP’s) you minimize impacts on: a soil quality b roads c air quality d water quality e answers a & d

10. 9 • A wedge prism is used to? a determine fuel loads in the forest b drive a saw kerf to prevent binding a chainsaw c estimate tree height d measure basal area e determine plot locations when cruising timber

11. 10 • One board foot is defined as? a a board that is one foot long b a section of lumber that measures 12 inches, by 6 inches, by 3 inches c 128 cubic inches of wood d a block of wood that measures 12 inches, by 12 inches, by 12 inches e 144 cubic inches of wood

12. 11 • The difference between true north and magnetic north is called? a magnetic deviation b magnetic variation c celestial navigation d azimuth error e magnetic declination

13. 12 • A flank fire is a fire that ________? a burns the coolest b runs with the wind c burns into the wind d burns parallel to the wind e burns the hottest

14. 13 • _______new trees are planted in FL for every tree harvest. a 1 b 3 c 5 d 10 e 20

15. 14 • What is high grading? a a method for improving the quality of timber stands b a lumber grading system that makes lumber grade out at a higher quality c a thinning system that preserves the best trees in the forest d a thinning system that takes the dominant and co-dominant trees e the best approach to harvesting timber

16. 15 • One of the ways longleaf pines benefits from prescribed fire is by? a burning off its needles makes is grown faster b killing the fungus that causes Fusiform Rust c eliminating the alternate host of Pitch Canker d destroying the fungus that causes Brown Spot Needle Blight e depositing nitrogen into the soil

17. 16 • What is an increment borer? a a boring tool that is used by the forest products industry in the production of utility poles b an insect that damages the xylem of a pine tree by incrementally boring into the wood c a tool used to bore into the soil during tree planting d the larval stage of a wood borer that drills holes into tree e a tool used to take a sample of wood from a living tree for the purpose of determining the trees age or growth rate

18. 17 • Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) is measured at what height from the ground? a 3.5 feet b 4.5 feet c 6 feet d chest height, no matter how tall you are e none of the above

19. 18 • Florida was surveyed using the section, township and rang (STR) system. Under this system, how many sections are in a township? a 6 b 25 c 36 d 43 e 640

20. 19 • Each section in the STR system is how big? a 36 square miles b 10 square miles c 6 square miles d 2 square miles e 1 square miles

21. 20 • Silviculture is defined as? a the ability of the trees to last forever b the practice of relying on seed production to regenerate a forest c sampling a forest d the science of producing and tending a forest e none of the above

22. 21 • What are Mycorrhizae? a fine tree roots that absorb the bulk of nutrients and water b a fungus that causes tree roots to rot c beneficial fungi that aid a root to absorb water and nutrients d a notional park in Australia e the resin inside a tree

23. 22 • When is the best time to plant trees? a all year long b June through August c December through February d March through May e September through November

24. 23 • To be considered pure, a stand must have what percentage of the same tree species? a 75% b 80% c 85% d 90% e 95%

25. 24 • Cellulose is used as a ______ in toothpaste. a thickener b colorant c flavor d disinfectant e thinner

26. 25 • If wildlife management is a primary consideration in a planted pine stand, what is a good recommendation for initial tree planting spacing? a 6’ by 10’ b 5’ by 12’ c 4’ by 10’ d 10’ by 12’ e 861 trees per acre

27. 26 • Pondcypress communities grow in pockets of low topography and usually form a group of trees in the shape of a _______? a cone b dome c depression d triangle e oval

28. 27 • Distributing soil near a body of water could degrade the water quality by? a sedimentation b chemical pollution c nutrient pollution d all of the above e A & B only

29. 28 • What portion of Florida’s 35.7 million acres is forested? a 1/4 b 1/3 c 1/2 d 2/3 e 3/4

30. 29 • Forestry is … a the science of producing and tending a forest. b the art and science of managing forests to produce products for the benefit of society. c the science, art, and practice of managing and using trees, forest, and their associated resources for human benefit. d the science of growing trees. e a tree in the forest.

31. 30 • Prior to European settlement, which pine species dominated the forests of the south? a slash pine b longleaf pine c lobolly pine d bald cypress e sand pine

32. 31 • In the early 1900’s, which was Florida’s biggest industry? a citrus b timber harvesting c hunting d naval stores e cattle ranching

33. 32 • ________ is necessary to maintain Florida’s ecosystem. a fertilizer b fire c succession d daily rainfall e drainage

34. 33 • The process by which plant species change over time is known as? a succession b procession c climax community d pioneer species e forest change

35. 34 • What two types of wood make up the woody portion of a tree? a phloem & cambium b heartwood & deadwood c deadwood & sapwood d sapwood & heartwood e dark & deadwood

36. 35 • Managing a forest so that the amount of timber harvested each year does not exceed the amount grown is known as? a economic modeling b sustainable forest management c poor planning d silviculture e ecological forest management

37. 36 • Young longleaf pine stay close to the ground for an extended period of time in a phase known as? a the grass stage b the fire resistant stage c the seedling stage d the infant stage e the longleaf stage

38. 37 • Prescribed burning between a timber harvest and tree planting has what benefits? a removes logging debris b controls brown spot needle blight c reduces competing vegetation d all the above e only a & c

39. 38 • Choose the tree classes of soil particles. a sand, dirt, clay b soil, dirt, dust c clay, silt, sand d sand, dust, clay e clay, loan, silt,

40. 39 • Todays forest cannot be kept in their natural state by natural processes because of? a wildlife b fragmentation c succession d global warming e hurricanes

41. 40 • An even-aged stand could be best described as…. a having 90% of the trees from the same species b having trees from all stages of life c having all trees the same height and diameter d having a mixture of trees that all started at the same time e having an age that is divisible by two

42. 41 • What might be an indicator that a stand should be thinned? a a basal area greater than 120 sq. ft. per acre b recent growth rings are narrower than previous rings c the live crown ratio is less than 33% d all of the above e only a & b

43. 42 • What is a knuckle-boom loader used for? a sorting trees by size class b dragging trees to a loading deck c cutting trees into chips d felling trees e loading seedlings onto trucks

44. 43 • Pick the statement that best describes special management zone (smz). a an area along a stream where no trees may be harvested b an area that limits silvicultural operations that might disturb water quality of a nearby water body c a “do not disturb” zone around a body of water designed to protect water quality d any area in a forest that requires special attention e a forest area infested with invasive species

45. 44 • People spend billions of dollars each year to recreate in Florida’s forest and natural areas. a true b false

46. 45 • Prescribed fire is… a a fire used to cultivate a forest b the application of fire, by trained individuals, used under specific conditions, to achieve measurable results c a non-destructive forest fire used to reduce dangerous fuel level d any fire in the woods that is not out-of- control e the best forest management tool available to foresters

47. 46 • Which species of pine tree provides the most benefits to wildlife? a sand pine b slash pine c loblolly pine d longleaf pine e pond pine

48. 47 • How many chains are in a mile? a 40 b 66 c 80 d 360 e 640

49. 48 • What height measurement might you use while cruising timber a total height b the height to a 4 inch top c the height to an 8 inch top d any of the above could be used e doesn’t really matter, as long as you are consistent

50. 49 • One cord of wood contains ______ cubic feet of wood, air, and bark. a 66 b 80 c 90 d 128 e 240