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Keiko Kuriyama (Randolph College) Jeri J. Jaeger (SUNY/Buffalo)

The Mora or the Segment?/ Investigating the Basic Unit of Spoken Language Processing Through SOT Data in Japanese. Keiko Kuriyama (Randolph College) Jeri J. Jaeger (SUNY/Buffalo). Spoken Language Processing. Speech production Speech perception Metalinguistic manipulations (Cutler 2002: 275).

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Keiko Kuriyama (Randolph College) Jeri J. Jaeger (SUNY/Buffalo)

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  1. The Mora or the Segment?/ Investigating the Basic Unit of Spoken Language Processing Through SOT Data in Japanese Keiko Kuriyama (Randolph College) Jeri J. Jaeger (SUNY/Buffalo)

  2. Spoken Language Processing Speech production Speech perception Metalinguistic manipulations (Cutler 2002: 275)

  3. Speech perception, metalinguistic experiments evidence for the mora Previous Studies Speech production experiments less clear

  4. Current Study Methodology: tongue twister experiment Material: 8 well known traditional TTs (Experiment 1) & 10 short TTs (Experiment 2) Subjects: 17 Japanese adult speakers Number of SOTs: 115 (Experiment 1) 104 (Experiment 2)

  5. Phonological Units Involved in Japanese SOTs 1) Phonetic features 2) Segments (consonants or vowels) 3) CV moras (a mora (body)) 4) Non-syllabic moras 5) Syllabic vs. non-syllabic moras4 6) Mora/syllables 7) Rhymes 8) Syllables 9) Pitch-accents

  6. Experiment 1-Example of an Unambiguous Error TT#1 ka.e-ru pyo-ko pyo-ko mi pyo-ko pyo-ko a-wa-se-te pyo-ko pyo-ko mu pyo-ko pyo-ko (frog, onomatopoeia for frog’s jumping, three, jumping, all, jumping, six, jumping) Error#1 ka.e-ru pyo-ko pyo-ko mi po-ko po-ko..mi pyo-ko pyo- ko a-wa-se-te pyo-ko pyo-ko mu pyo-ko pyo-ko ka.e-ru….(AF#3)

  7. Experiment 1-Example of an Unambiguous Error TT#2 na-ma-mu-gi na-ma-go-me na-ma-ta-ma-go (raw wheat, raw rice, raw eggs) Error#2 na-ma-mu-gi na-ma-go-me na-ma-ta-ma-go, na-ma mu-gi na-mi….na-ma-go-me na-ma-ta-ma-go..(AM#7)

  8. The Number of Unambiguous Errors in Experiment 1

  9. Experiment 1-Exampleof Ambiguous Errors Error#3 a-ka-ma ki-ga-mi a.o-ma-ki-ga-mi ki-ma-ki-ga-mi, a a-ka-ma-ki-ma..a-ka-ma-ki-ga-mi a.o-ma-ki-ga-mi b ki-ma-ki-ga-mi, a.o…a-ka-ma-ki-ga-mi a.o-ma-ki-ga- mi…(AF#2) TT#3 A-ka-ma-ga-mi a.o-ma-ki ga-mi ki-ma-ki-ga-mi (red rolled paper, blue rolled paper, yellow rolled paper)

  10. Experiment 1-Example of Ambiguous Errors TT#4 Pa.n ka-be (bread, wall) Error#4 a b c ka.n-pa-ge, ka.n-pa-be, pa.n-ka-be, pa.n-ka-be, pa.n-ka-be (AF#2)

  11. The Majority Rules Method Error #4 a b c ka.n pa-ge, ka.n pa-be, pa.n ka-be, pa.n ka-be, pa.n ka-be (AF#2) asegmental analysis, mora analysis bsegmental analysis, mora analysis csegmental analysis

  12. Result of the ‘Majority Rules’ Method Errors No. of instances (%) Segmental Analysis 95 (86.36%) Mora analysis 71 (64.45%) Syllable analysis 70 (63.63%) ______________________________________ 110 (100%)

  13. The ‘General Principles’ Method 1) The Minimal Movement Principle (Laubstein 1987); if an error can be analyzed as a segment error it should be, because errors involving segments are the most common type of unambiguous phonological error. 2) The Repeated Phoneme Effect (Dell 1984); the repeated phoneme effect is the claim that repeated sounds in a speech plan are more likely to cause SOTs in adjacent segments than when there is no identical segment adjacent to the target and source.

  14. Ambiguous Errors the ‘General Principles’ Method Error#4 a b c d e ka.n-pa-ge, ka.n-pa-be, pa.n-ka-be, pa.n-ka-be, pa.n-ka-be (AF#2)

  15. Result of Experiment 1

  16. Result of Experiment 1

  17. TTs Used in Experiment 2 １ ぱん　　こぶ pa.n ko-bu (bread, bump) ２ ぶん がま　 ばった　 bu.n ga-ma ba.t-ta (onomatopoeia: bee, frog, grasshopper) ３ かえる　 ムー　 ぴょこぴょこ　 ka.e-ru mu.u pyo-ko pyo-ko (frog, onomatopoeia: cow cound, onomatopoeia: jumping frog) ４ かき くう きゃっきゃ ka-ki ku.u kya.k-kya (persimmon, to eat, onomatopoeia: monkey sound) ５ ねこ みゃー にゃんこ ne-ko mya.a nya.n-ko (cat, onomatopoeia: cat sound, kitten)

  18. TT#5 ぶん がま　 ばった　 bu.n ga-ma ba.t-ta (onomatopoeia: bee, frog, grasshopper) CV. X  CV Error Example) bu.n bu-ma ba.t-ta

  19. Result of Experiment 2-type analysis

  20. Result of Experiment 2-token analysis

  21. Ratio between segmental errors vs mora+mora/syllable errors

  22. Ratio between segmental errors vs mora+mora/syllable errors

  23. Conclusions and future study -segmental errors > mora + mora/syllable errors -universal underlying cognitive mechanism for speech production planning -a need for cross-linguistic study (Bilingual and L2 speakers of Japanese)

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