Information processing in the human brain

1. Information processingin the human brain lecturer: Thorsten Rühl

2. My Motivation Why did I choose this topic ?

3. Your Motivation • Why should YOU listen to this presentation? • YOU have a brain … (everybody) • YOU´re using you´re brain … (hopefully) • YOU don´t know anything about it !!! (surely) • … so … • YOU should be interested ! ;)

4. OVERVIEW • Short Introduction • Signal Processing • Brain Circuits • Functional Brain Areas • Cognition

5. Short Introduction • interdisplinartity of neurosience • biologie: the brain assembly • physics: signal processing • medicine: the vital functions • computer sience: the mechanisms • philosophy: the brain spirit problem

6. Signal Processing • cells in our brain: • glia-cells and neurons • neurons: data processing unit • I/O: dendrites • and the axon • neural impulse (one way) • action potential

7. Signal Processing • the synapse and the synaptic gap • we already know • the impulse arrives • verticels release neuro- • transmitter (dopamin) • exicatory and inhibitory • synapses

8. Brain - Circuits • neuronal network (a natural and mighty one) • 100 billion neurons -> 1 trillion contacts • neurons interconnect to solve • complex problems • stable period (oscilation) • „TaskSwitch“ every 30 ms • => 33,3 Hz

9. Interesting Facts • 50 % of the human genome used to build the brain • all neuronal links are build after birth, unused links get lost • 2 % body mass -> 20% energy consumption

10. Functional Brain Areas • Functions are not local restricted just focused • hearing (auditory cortex): • both: information from both ears • left: understanding and speaking • right: processing of spacial • information

11. Functional Brain Areas • Funktions are not local restricted just focused • sigth (visual cortex): • most space is used for sensory • stimulus from the centres of • both retinas

12. Functional Brain Areas • Functions are not local restricted just focused • primary motor cortex: • Initation of voluntary movement • primary somatosensory cortex • tactile information (pain, pressure, • Position, movement temperature)

13. Left side of the head Functional Brain Areas pr. motor cortex pr. somatosensory cortex

14. PICTURE WINDOW CARPET DESK TOP Cognition • the scene • the view • forms and shapes

15. Cognition • Cognition in 3 Steps: • sensorical perception • 2. cognition • 3. classification

16. Cognition • sensorical perception: • stimulation by the ambience • converting the physikal energy (light) in neuronal (retina-signals) activity

17. Cognition • cognition • characteristics of the object • example: • the picture is recognized as rectancle contrary to the retina information

18. Cognition • classification • the characteristics of the object-funktion • (associate information about the object) • example: • The picture is hanging on the wall • The picture is drawn to be watched

19. other mental processes top down classification cognition bottom up stimulation sens. perception Cognition expectations,knowledge motivation pattern recognition organisation,depth, constance

20. Cognition • Illusions • sensorical perception:

21. Cognition • Illusions • cognition: • white background • or • white foreground?

22. Cognition • Illusions • classification: • same shape • different • interpretation

23. QUESTIONS ??

24. THE END