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Noisy Times in Wireless

Noisy Times in Wireless. Welcome to Our World. Wi-Fi is the New Ethernet. Opens Up Massive New Market Opportunity. $25B. Ethernet Switch Port Market ($ in billions). YESTERDAY. TODAY. $1B. 95. Source: DellOro Group. Today. Ruckus ITR Presentation / BOSTON.

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Noisy Times in Wireless

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  1. Noisy Times in Wireless Welcome to Our World

  2. Wi-Fi is the New Ethernet Opens Up Massive New Market Opportunity $25B Ethernet Switch Port Market ($ in billions) YESTERDAY TODAY $1B 95 Source: DellOro Group Today Ruckus ITR Presentation / BOSTON

  3. Lots of Choices: Everyone has a Thing Access / Security Big and Cloudy Roaming for Voice “Controller-Less” ? Cisco Look-a-Like High Density Super Low Cost Reliability Ruckus ITR Presentation / BOSTON

  4. The Only Thing that Really Matters The signal, the PHY, the air. It’s the foundation and the only place where speed and capacity can be improved. Ruckus ITR Presentation / BOSTON

  5. But Wi-Fi Has Personal Issues Coverage: 1997 – present Security: 1997 – 2004 Roaming: 1997 – 2009 Speed: 2003 – present Capacity: June 29th 2007 - present Ruckus ITR Presentation / BOSTON

  6. It’s Inconsistent vs Ruckus ITR Presentation / BOSTON

  7. It’s Unruly Ruckus ITR Presentation / BOSTON

  8. It’s Unclear Interference is a Killer! Dropped connections have a huge and negative impact on business operations Ruckus ITR Presentation / BOSTON

  9. Doesn’t 5GHz Solve Everything? 5.15 GHz 5.25 GHz 5.470 GHz 5.725 GHz 5.825 GHz 5.35 GHz UNII-1 UNII-2 DFS UNII-3 UNII-2e DFS 36 40 44 48 40MHz • 24 non-overlapping 20 MHz channels • 11 non-overlapping 40 MHz channels • Only 4 non-DFS channels for bonding • Creates channel planning problems similar to 2.4 GHz • 5 GHz isn’t a panacea, RF management is still king 40MHz NON-DFS CHANNELS 149 153 157 161 40MHz 40MHz 9 Ruckus ITR Presentation / BOSTON

  10. And New Standards Won’t Save You 802.11ac - Next generation Wi-Fi Better, bigger, faster……..? Limited improvement for enterprise customers Ruckus ITR Presentation / BOSTON

  11. The Key to Better Wi-Fi: SINR When faced with interference, it’s SINR that matters Higher SINR = Higher data rates and capacity So how do you get a high SINR? You can either increase signal or decrease interference Adaptive (smart) antenna systems do both! Receive Signal Level SINR SNR INTERFERENCE Noise Floor T I M E 11 Ruckus ITR Presentation / BOSTON

  12. Introduction 11ac Enhancements and Timelines RUCKUS WIRELESS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL

  13. 802.11ac - An Overview Optimistic Specs 5 GHz Only 256-QAM 5G 2.4G • Breaks “gigabit” barrier • Max of 6.9 Gbps • “Gimmick” specs that drive data rates very high • Many features not practical for real-world enterprises • Encourages 5G adoption • Focuses on capacity-rich, low-interference spectrum • Benefits entire Wi-Fi ecosystem • More efficient modulation • 33% data rate gains • Very short ranges only • Requires 11ac clients 20 80/160 MHz channels Up to 8 spatial streams Multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) AP 40 80 160 • N-fold efficiency improvement • Increases radio complexity, power draw, and cost • Requires client-side support • Not possible today • Very wide channels • Primary reason for 11ac’s very high data rates • Ineffective use of spectrum in multi-AP environments • Decreases total capacity • Simultaneous downlink Tx to single-stream clients • Multiples network capacity • Key differentiator from 802.11n RUCKUS WIRELESS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL

  14. 5 GHz Only 480 MHz 25 channels 83.5 MHz 3 channels 2.4G 5G Capacity • 11ac supports 5 GHz frequencies only • Dual-band devices will support 11n in 2.4 GHz • Focuses on spectrum with more bandwidth, less interference, and better scalability and capacity • Encourages client device suppliers to adopt 5 GHz, to benefit from 11ac marketing, leaving 2.4 GHz as “best effort” spectrum Ruckus Proprietary and Confidential

  15. Spatial Streams 802.11ac defines up to 8 spatial streams 802.11n defined up to 4 spatial streams Flagship devices today support up to 3SS Enterprises often prefer cost/performance of 2x2 APs Real-World Barriers • Business • Increases AP/client cost • Increases AP/client size • Decreases aesthetic appeal • 2x2 APs often meet the business need • Technical • Short range for 4+ streams • More streams require RF “differentiation” (difficult with 4+ streams) • Adds power draw on APs (PoE power budget) and clients (battery life) 256-QAM, 800 ns GI 8x8:8 (MIMO) 8x8:8 (MIMO) Artificially bloats max data rates of 802.11ac Ruckus Proprietary and Confidential

  16. 256-QAM 100% gain (2x) QPSK BPSK 01 11 0 1 00 10 100% gain (2x) 50% gain (1.5x) 33% gain (1.3x) 256-QAM 64-QAM 16-QAM • 256-QAM improves efficiency by 33% • Higher-order modulation adds complexity, which requires higher SNR • Beneficial near the AP • Efficiency gain from modulation does not increase linearly • Requires 802.11ac AP and client Ruckus Proprietary and Confidential

  17. Multi-User MIMO (MU-MIMO) • Transmit simultaneous downlink frames to different receivers • Significant capacity enhancements in environments with many single-stream devices (tablets, smartphones) • Requires 11ac client(s) with TxBF feedback/support • Creates new challenges related to signal steering and isolation • How to get… • DataA to StaA • DataB to StaB • No DataA to StaB • No DataB to StaA Single-User MIMO Single downlink Tx at a time Multi-User MIMO Multiple downlink Tx at same time 4x4:4 Access Point 4x4:4 Access Point Stream 1 Stream 1 Stream 2 Stream 3 Stream 4 Ruckus Proprietary and Confidential

  18. Large(r) Frame Size Overhead Effective Overhead 11a/g Interframe Space Random Backoff Interframe Space PHY Header MAC Header Payload ACK Overhead Effective Overhead 11n Interframe Space Random Backoff Interframe Space PHY Header MAC Header Payload ACK Overhead Effective Overhead Interframe Space Random Backoff Interframe Space PHY Header MAC Header Payload ACK 11ac Time *Note: Diagrams are not to scale and are conceptual only The Solution: increase payload size • Every data frame in 802.11ac is an A-MPDU • Better spectrum efficiency enables larger frame sizes without adverse impact from interference • Use of large frames depends on high rates Why throughput does not equal data rate… Ruckus Proprietary and Confidential

  19. FAQ Q: Is it be backward compatible with 11a/n? Yes. 11ac is fully backward compatible with 802.11a/n, using protection mechanisms with 11a/n frame formats. What about 2.4 GHz? Initially, dual-band APs will be 802.11n in 2.4G and 802.11ac in 5G. 11ac may eventually be introduced to 2.4G for benefits from added spatial streams or 256-QAM. Will it require new hardware? Yes. For every supplier, all APs and clients will need new hardware, whether complete AP replacement or modular radio add-ons. Controllers or management software may be software upgradeable. A: Q: A: Q: A: Ruckus Proprietary and Confidential

  20. 11ac in Waves Wave 1 – Q3, 2013 Slight efficiency improvement, most benefits are for 802.11ac devices Net gain Wave 2 – Late 2014 Multiples aggregate network capacity and efficiency, ALL devices benefit Net gain

  21. Better 11ac with Ruckus Making the most of next-generation Wi-Fi RUCKUS WIRELESS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL

  22. Maximizing 256-QAM Them BPSK Us DPSK 16-QAM 64-QAM 256-QAM • With per-packet adaptive antenna control, polarization diversity, and active channel selection techniques, Ruckus APs maximize the potential of 256-QAM with 11ac • Greater SNR/SINR increases the useful downlink range of 256-QAM • Adaptive PD-MRC and higher uplink receive sensitivity increase uplink range of 256-QAM • APs select channels with more capacity and less noise and interference Ruckus Proprietary and Confidential

  23. Smarter Channel Planning • 802.11ac introduces the possibility of 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, or 160 MHz channels • Each 40, 80, or 160 MHz channel will have primary 20, 40, and 80 MHz subchannels • It becomes increasingly difficult to determine what channel widths are optimal for each environment based on spectral reuse, the number of APs, transmit power, client device types and channel support, etc. • Manual channel planning becomes VERY DIFFICULT 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 64 38 46 54 62 42 58 DYNAMIC OPERATION 50 • The dynamic nature of RF environments raises new concerns for both ongoing channel width settings (should we use 20s, 40s, 80s?) as well as AP channel assignment adaptation (what primary 20/40/80 channels should I use at any moment in time?) • APs must be able to select the best primary 20, 40, and 80 MHz channels for their own environment, or possibly change from 80 MHz operation to 40 MHz 48 44 CHANNELFLY 40 • ChannelFly will tackle both problems (channel width and channel assignment) by… • Actively measuring performance on each channel • Adaptively changing as environmental conditions fluctuate • Discovering the best channel settings for the environment, the client device types, count, and channel width support, and the amount of traffic at each bandwidth setting 36 TIME CHANNEL PLANNING Ruckus Proprietary and Confidential

  24. BeamFlex-Enhanced MU-MIMO Antenna 1 to Client 1 Antenna 2 to Client 2 Antenna 3 to Client 3 AP Standard MU-MIMO All clients hear all antennas • Poor signal isolation per client • Lower SNR per link = lower data rates • Marginal benefit to capacity MU-MIMO enhanced with BeamFlex Directional antenna element for each client • Better signal separation • Higher sustained data rates • Increased AP capacity 3x3 MU-MIMO 3 clients concurrently communicate with AP, each on a dedicated spatial stream (and antenna) Ruckus Proprietary and Confidential

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