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Unit 5

Unit 5. Overcoming Obstacles. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Contents. Objectives. Warm Up Activities. Cultural Notes. Text Analysis. Key Language Points. Assignments. Objectives. Students will be able to:

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Unit 5

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  1. Unit 5 Overcoming Obstacles

  2. 5 1 2 3 4 5 Contents Objectives Warm Up Activities Cultural Notes Text Analysis Key Language Points Assignments

  3. Objectives • Students will be able to: • 1.grasp the main idea (dreaming and hard work helped Michael Stone on his way to success)and the structure of the text(narration with a flashback); • 2.appreciate the narrative skills (using details to bring out a character; a surprising ending); • 3.master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text; • 4.conduct a series of reading, listening, speeding and writing activities related to the theme of the unit. back

  4. back Warm-up Questions • Can you talk about the obstacles that you have been faced with in your life? How to overcame such difficulties? • Can you tell us the problems that you still have in overcoming these obstacles?

  5. back Listening Comprehension • Listen to the recording two or three times and then think over the following questions: • 1. What happened to the singer?2. What helped her pull through all the hardships she suffered?3. What is the tone of the song?4. Is the song related to the theme of the unit -- overcoming obstacles?

  6. 1. Sports: Sports play an important in American life. Professional baseball and (American) football games attract large crowds, and many people watch games on television. Although many parents complain about their children being couch potatoes (=people who spend a lot of time watching television), there are sports at school for all ages. College students are usually also required to take physical education classes to complete their studies. Cultural Notes

  7. Cultural Notes 2.Olympics:The ancient Olympic Games were held in Olympia every four years from 776 B.C. to 392 A.D. The modern Games first held in 1896 in Greece and, with the exception of three games not held because of the two world wars, have been in various cities of the world at regular 4-year intervals. Since 1924, a separate program of minter sports has been added to the Games.

  8. Olympics • IN 2008 Beijing will host the 29th Olympic Games.

  9. The Olympic symbol---five interlocking red, blue, yellow, and green circles on a white field---represents the continents of the world joined in friendship. The Olympic motto is Citius---Altius---Fortius. These words mean “ Swifter, Higher, Stronger.”

  10. History of Olympics The ancient Olympic Games were the great Greek religious, athletic, and cultural festivals that inspired the creation of the modern Olympic Games. The earliest documentation of the ancient Games traces the efforts of King Iphitos of Elis, around 824 BC, to establish a "sacred truce" through the conduct of Games "dear to the gods." From 776 B.C., these Games took place every four years.

  11. The ancient Games were sacred events. Athletes from all Greek city-states joined the festivals at Olympia - marked by solemn Opening and Closing ceremonies. The "sacred truce" from the first known Games makes interesting reading: "May the world be delivered from crime and killing and freed from the clash of arms." The intent was for warring city-states to lay down their arms for the period of the Games, so athletes could compete in peace.

  12. The program of competitive events in the ancient Games evolved over time. Among the sports contested were the foot race, wrestling, boxing, the pentathlon, and chariot races. The first recorded winner was the runner Koroibos. Only men were permitted to take part in the Olympic Games - women were forbidden to compete or be spectators at the ancient Olympic Games under penalty of death. The only female allowed in Olympia was the high priestess of the goddess Demeter.

  13. Women in ancient Greece, did, however, participate in festivals of their own and exclusively female Games, held in honor of the goddess Hera, were held at regular intervals. The ancient Olympic Games are known to have existed for 12 centuries. The symbolic power of the Games lived on after their demise in 394 AD, and came to life again as the modern Olympic Games.

  14. Pierre de Fredy, the Baron de Coubertin, was the founder of the modern Olympic Movement. Born in 1863 to a French aristocrat family, Coubertin was an avid sportsman, believing sport possessed the power to benefit humankind and encourage peace among the nations of the world. After visits to England and the United States, Coubertin formulated a plan to revive the Games. His vision was realized, in June 1894, when a meeting of delegates in Paris voted to hold the modern Olympic Games at Athens in 1896.

  15. The Olympic Games are organized and governed by the International Olympic Committee (IOC). It has offices in Lausanne,Switzerland. The Committee has made many decisions that affect the modern Olympics. For example, in 1912, the Committee decided to allow women to compete in the Games. Olympic Museum Lausanne

  16. Text Analysis True Height

  17. Scan the text and answer the questions : 1. Where does the text switch from the past tense to the past perfect tense? Para 3. 2. Which sentence shows that the flashback is over and the narration returns to the National Junior Olympics? The first sentence of paragraph 6. 3. Where does author conclude the text? Para 13.

  18. Text Organization Part one (Paras 1-4) The waiter was disappointed to find that the Richest Man in America led so simple a life. Being friendly, easy-going and never flashy, Walton carries on like plain folks and never wants any special treatment. With the Wal-mart team in mind, Walton devotes himself heart and soul to making the business a great success. Part two (Paras 5-13) Part three (Paras 14-22)

  19. Main Idea Dreaming and hard working helped Michael Stone on his way to success.

  20. Further Understanding

  21. 1. Use your own words to draw a picture of the stadium on that day, including the weather, Michael’s appearance and inner feeling, the audience’s response, etc. 2. Use your own words to describe what kind of event the pole vault is. For Part 1

  22. For Part 2 Questions and Answers • From the description of Michael’s parents, what can you learn about his parents? 2. Brainstorm the various obstacles Michael might face during the hard training. 3. What individual characteristics should Michael’s success be attributed to? Michael’s mother is romantic and passionate, while his father is a hard-core realist. Open-ended. He is diligent, perseverant, optimistic, ambitious, etc.

  23. For Part 3 Chart Completion GR-Part3-1 Michael’s reaction before/after clearing the bar Height of the pole Importance Before After His palms were sweating. He needed a towel to dry his grip. (L. 1) 1.If Michael Stone was surprised, excited or vain…(LL. 37~38) 2.He seemed unaware of …(LL. 40~41) 3 inches higher than his personal best 17 feet …, again he showed no emotion. (LL. 43~44) 17 feet 2, 17 feet 4

  24. For Part 3 Chart Completion GR-Part3-2 Michael’s reaction before/after clearing the bar Height of the pole Importance Before After 9 inches higher than his personal best 17 feet 6 1.It was … that brought Michael back to earth. (LL. 79~80) 2.On his back with that wonderful hot sun…(LL. 81~81) 1. It startled him... (L. 53) 2. The intensity … anxiety. (L. 56) 3. He became more tense. (L. 57) 4. Afraid would be … (LL. 58~59) He later went on that day to clear 17 feet 6 A National and International Junior Olympics record 17 feet 6 1 — 2 1 — 2

  25. 1. Why does the author keep the secret about Michael’s blindness until the last sentence? 2. Who would you admire better, a Michael Stone with a sound body or a blind Michael Stone? For Part 4 Discussion

  26. More Questions 1. What does the text title “ True Height ” mean? It has more than one meaning. It may refer to: • the new bar heights that Michael cleared one after another; 2) the tremendous obstacles Michael had overcome in attaining his goal.

  27. Scan the text again to find out all the instances where “ work ” is used as a verb and explain in English the different meanings of “ work ”. work: v. 1) labor, do an activity which needs physical or mental effort 2) act or operate effectively 3) exercise * “He worked out every other day…” (L. 27)

  28. More Questions • Without the last sentence, would you still admire Michael Stone's achievement? • Who would you admire better, a Michael Stone with a sound body or a blind Michael Stone? • Why does the author keep the secret about Michael's blindness until the last sentence?

  29. Extra Activities

  30. Scan the whole text to find out all the words and phrases that are related to sports or stadium. And think about their Chinese equivalents. 全国少年奥林匹克运动会 National Junior Olympics personal best 个人最高记录 stand(s) 看台 final race 赛跑决赛 pole vault event 撑竿跳高项目 track and field competition 田径比赛

  31. 体操运动员 gymnast 健美运动员 body builder 举重 weightlifting 横杆 bar 充气垫 inflated landing mat 撑竿跳高运动员 vaulter 俯卧撑 finger-tipped push-up

  32. Writing Strategy

  33. As the text consists of the main story and a flashback, the narration has to switch from the ongoing competition to earlier events and then return to the ongoing competition. How does the author manage to make these parts in the text flow smoothly? 1.One way is to repeat a key word in the last sentence of a paragraph in the first sentence of the next paragraph, How to keep the article smoothly?

  34. e.g. It also has the element of flying, and the thought of flying as high as a two-story building is a mere fantasy to anyone watching such an event. As long as Michael could remember he had always dreamed of flying.

  35. 2.Another way is to pick up a key idea from a previous paragraph and repeat it in the sentence introducing the next paragraph, e.g.All of Michael’s vaults today seemed to be the reward for his hard work.

  36. Language Points & Grammar Structure

  37. 1.sweat: 1. v. excrete perspiration through the pores of the skin He was sweating after working so hard. The white shirts were sweated through. 2. n. liquid which comes out from the body through the skin to cool it I was covered in sweat after running to catch the bus.

  38. We admired the grace with which the fashion models walked across the room. 2. grace: n. 1.quality of being smooth and elegant, esp. in movement or structure She danced with a grace that surprised us. 2. kindness; willingness to do what is right She had the grace to say that he was right. 他勉强地承认他错了。 He agreed that he was wrong with bad grace.

  39. 3. mere: adj. nothing more than She lost the election by a mere 20 votes. 光说无济于事。 Mere words won’t help.

  40. Examples: I still have the fantasy that one day I will win the National lottery. Having watched so many animated Moons, some children can't tell fantasy from reality. 4.fantasy:imagination, esp. when it has no connection at all with reality

  41. Examples: During the Depression, numerous people wandered from town to town looking for work. Numerous scholars before Copernicus had suggested that the earth went round the sun, but he was the first person to bear it out mathematically. antonym: few 5.numerous: very many

  42. Examples: He loved her still, with the same passion as he always had. She had never before loved anyone with such passion. have a passion for: have a strong interest in sth. and like it very much Example: She had a passion for dancing which interfered with her schoolwork-) 6.passion:strong feeling, esp. of love

  43. Examples: No details of the negotiation between the two countries have been revealed. I can still recall every detail of my Graduation Day. 7.detail: 1)small, particular fact or item

  44. Examples: The salary is a detail; the main thing is to find a job. She does not enjoy the details of housekeeping. 2) sth. which is unimportant and doesn't affect the main issue

  45. Example: Can you give me a rough idea of what happened, without going into detail? in detail: fully or thoroughly Example :She told them in detail what they were going to say at the meeting. As for the pay increase, we haven't yet had a chance to discuss it in detail. go into detail (s): explain sth. thoroughly

  46. Examples: The theme of love recurred in many of his books. The school authorities warned the student that he will be expelled if this cheating recurs. 8. recur: come or happen again

  47. Examples: The best strategy for avoiding stress is to learn how to relax. Massage is used to relax muscles. After a hard day's work, he liked to relax by going for a swim. 12. relax: make or become less tense, worried or nervous

  48. Examples: On several occasions, I attempted to talk with my parents about my taking a part time job, but my mother instantly interrupted me by asking me questions about my studies. He drinks far too much. On one occasion I saw him drink a whole bottle of vodka. 13. on one/ two / several occasion(s) : once/twice/several times in the past

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