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Sentence Structures

Sentence Structures.

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Sentence Structures

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  1. Sentence Structures Just as a good musician composes in movements or sections, so too does a writer plan each section or sentence that they construct so that it has an internal logic and can be read clearly and simply. There are rules that help every writer shape a sentence so that the message is never lost.

  2. Subjects and verbs To be able to identify the subjects and verbs in a sentence.

  3. There are two main rules about sentences. • Every sentence expresses at least one clear thought about a subject. • Every sentence has a subject and a verb.

  4. Example Object KatehuggedJames. ‘Kate’ is the subject because she is the one performing the action. ‘Hugged’ is the verb because it indicates the action. If a sentence doesn’t have both a subject and a verb it is called a fragment or an incomplete sentence. For example, ‘hugged James’ is a fragment or part of a sentence because it has only a verb (hugged) but no subject (we don’t know who hugged James). Subject Verb

  5. Multiple subjects and verbs What happens when there is more than one subject or more than one verb? These are called compound subjects or verbs. The rule is that they are joined by a conjunction. For example: Kate and SofiahuggedJames. ‘Kate and Sofia’ is the compound subject because there are two subjects (Kate and Sofia) relating to the same verb (hugged) and they are joined by a conjunction, in this case ‘and’. The sentence Katehugged and kissed James contains a compound verb because it has two verbs (hugged and kissed) relating to the same subject (Kate) joined by a conjunction (and). Object Subjects Verb Object Verbs Subject

  6. Activity 1 Decide if the following are full sentences or incomplete sentences. • Mum likes to go shopping on Friday nights. • Riding to the swimming pool. • Has very heavy rainfall. • Eliza did little to change the way she spoke. • My Blu-ray collection would be bigger if they sold more Blu-ray discs. • Far away from civilisation.

  7. Activity 2 The extract on the next page is about the famous Australian David Unaipon, whose face is on the Australian $50 note. Copy the extract about David Unaipon into your notebook. In each of the sentences, underline the subject and highlight the verb.

  8. Who is David Unaipon? A Ngarrindjeri man born in 1872 at Raukkan (Point McLeay) in the Tailem Bend area of the Murray River, David Unaipon was a writer, a scientist and a public speaker. David was the first Aboriginal person to write and publish a book. His two most famous books are Aboriginal Legends (1927) and Native Legends (1929). He also wrote another book called Myths and Legends of the Australian Aboriginals in 1930, but someone else by the name of William Ramsay Smith published it without David Unaipon’s permission, or his name on it. David Unaipon also wrote his autobiography called My Life Story in 1954, but many of the things he wrote didn’t get published in books at all, and some of his writings are being kept safe in places like the Mitchell Library at the State Library of New South Wales. David Unaipon was also known as an inventor! That’s right! In 1909 he invented a tool for shearing sheep and then spent much of his life searching for the secret of perpetual motion, which means something that can run forever without any help. David Unaipon had great ideas but he didn’t have enough money to research and develop them. Some people thought of David Unaipon as ‘Australia’s Leonardo’ because of the great ideas he had. He even thought about how the boomerang was like a helicopter propeller flying through the air. This was way back in 1914 before we even had helicopters! Just shows how smart David Unaipon was and how smart Aborigines were for inventing the boomerang! Because he was a man with a great talent for writing and a mind for inventing things, David Unaipon was acknowledged by having his face put on the Australian $50 note in 1995. That’s when the money changed from paper to that plastic kind of stuff it is today. Apart from these exciting things that made David Unaipon famous and liked by all, he also worked very hard to make life better for Aboriginal people. He lived most of his life in Adelaide and worked for the Aborigines Friends’ Association for a long time. With his job he travelled around a lot of south-eastern Australia, giving lectures and sermons and sharing Aboriginal legends and culture with anyone who wanted to listen. David Unaipon was married to Katherine Carter (nee Sumner), a Tangani woman from the Coorong. He died on 7 February 1967 and was buried in the Point McLeay cemetery. Since then he has been honoured by posthumously winning (that means he won it after he died) the FAW Patricia Weickhardt Award for Aboriginal writers in 1985. Then in 1988, the University of Queensland Press established the ‘David Unaipon Award’ to honour him and to support new Aboriginal writers to get their books into print too. Source: ABC website 2004

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