Download
1 / 16
160 likes | 170 Vues
Around 6.35 million people are diagnosed with malignant tumors annually, including 260,000 people suffering from liver cancer. More than 90% of primary liver tumors are malignant tumors, and the incidence of primary liver cancer ranks first. It is one of the most common malignant tumors whose mortality rate ranks the third in digestive tract tumors, second only to gastric cancer and esophageal cancer. https://www.antibody-creativebiolabs.com/
E N D
Catalog 01 LOREM IPSUM DOLOR 02 LOREM IPSUM DOLOR LOREM IPSUM DOLOR LOREM IPSUM DOLOR 03 04 LOREM IPSUM DOLOR 05
Overview Around 6.35 million people are diagnosed with malignant tumors annually, including 260,000 people suffering from liver cancer. More than 90% of primary liver tumors are malignant tumors, and the incidence of primary liver cancer ranks first. It is one of the most common malignant tumors whose mortality rate ranks the third in digestive tract tumors, second only to gastric cancer and esophageal cancer. In recent years, with the extension of molecular biology, cell biology, human genomics, proteomics and other basic disciplines to the field of cancer research, great progress has been made in the research of molecular diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Here is a brief introduction of molecular diagnostic methods and key points of molecular diagnosis related to hepatocellular carcinoma.
Detection of cancer-related genes Cancer-related genes are traditionally divided into oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, tumor metastasis genes and tumor metastasis suppressor genes. The representative genes in between, such as P21, P53, epidermal growth factor receptor, nm23 and heat shock protein 70, can directly mediate the occurrence and development of cancer, secrete proteins, act as promoters or inhibitors of cancer, or act as chaperones to mediate the conformational maturation of cancer proteins. Sound signal transduction is involved in malignant transformation of hepatocytes. At present, there are many methods for molecular diagnosis of these genes, such as single strand conformation polymorphism analysis (PCR-SSCP), nucleic acid hybridization, DNA sequencing, allele-specific oligonucleotides (PCR-ASO) and other methods, as well as various imprinting methods.
Gene Detection of Related Viruses Lots of studies have found that the occurrence of liver cancer is closely related to the infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and other viruses. Molecular diagnostic methods such as nucleic acid hybridization, PCR, gene chip are used to detect the gene of these tumor-related viruses, which can also provide a reference for the diagnosis of tumors. At present, the main methods of molecular diagnosis of HBV are PCR. Common PCR, nested PCR, fluorescence quantitative PCR, competitive PCR and immunohybridization PCR can be adopted to detect HBV DNA. HCV is usually detected through targeting at the HCV RNA.
Marker Detection of Liver Cancer Tumor markers can be divided into two categories: serum tumor markers and cell tumor markers. The former include carcinoembryonic antigen, enzymes, hormones and glycoproteins. Common serum markers of liver cancer include alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), carbohydrate chain antigen 125 (CA125). Cell tumor markers mainly include oncogenes and cell surface antigens. Cell tumor markers mainly include oncogenes and cell surface antigens that are rarely produced or produced in normal tissues and benign diseases, which reflect the occurrence and development of tumors and the activation or inactivation of tumor-related genes. They can be detected in tissues, body fluids and excreta of cancer patients. In addition, in the process of tumorigenesis and development, some factors have low specificity, but they are related to the development of tumors, which can also be used in the diagnosis of tumors.
Marker Detection of Liver Cancer • Tumor markers can be divided into two categories: serum tumor markers and cell tumor markers. The former include carcinoembryonic antigen, enzymes, hormones and glycoproteins. Common serum markers of liver cancer include alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), carbohydrate chain antigen 125 (CA125). Cell tumor markers mainly include oncogenes and cell surface antigens. Cell tumor markers mainly include oncogenes and cell surface antigens that are rarely produced or produced in normal tissues and benign diseases, which reflect the occurrence and development of tumors and the activation or inactivation of tumor-related genes. They can be detected in tissues, body fluids and excreta of cancer patients. In addition, in the process of tumorigenesis and development, some factors have low specificity, but they are related to the development of tumors, which can also be used in the diagnosis of tumors. • In addition to the traditional radioimmunoassay (RIA) and enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), there are currently three types of automatic immunochemical analysis systems (chemiluminescent immunoassay system, fluorescent immunoassay system and electrochemiluminescent immunoassay system) which are widely used in clinic, detecting serum tumor markers such as AFP, CEA, CA19-9, CA72-4, CA125, CA15-3, NSE, Cyfra21-1, PSA and f-PSA.
Marker Detection of Liver Cancer • The occurrence and development of cancer is a complex process of multi-genes and multi-proteins, a gradual process in which all kinds of genes promote and inhibit each other, all kinds of proteins complement each other with complex function. It is incomplete to understand this process only according to a single gene or protein, and liable to cause misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis of liver cancer that needs to be considered comprehensively from multiple perspectives and aspects. At present, experts working on liver cancer diagnosis research strongly advocate the use of multiple tumor-related indicators for joint detection to improve the detection rate of cancer. As speculated, after many experiments, it has been proved that multi-indicator continuous detection is indeed effective, significantly improving the efficiency of diagnosis and reducing the probability of missed detection.
It can be predicted that proteomics research will lead to substantial breakthroughs in molecular diagnosis of tumors, allowing scientists to identify proteins that transform healthy cells into cancer cells, and use these findings to develop techniques for detecting proteins in blood samples to help diagnose early tumors. As a sensitive marker of liver cancer, protein has very important application value in the diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, the study of liver cancer protein markers should also be extended to the study of gene markers. Increasing number of relative recombinant antibodies are developed and provided by more and more top antibody suppliers. With the completion of human genomics, the continuous development of proteomics, the maturity of new technologies and the emergence of new markers, it is hopeful that in the near future, many cancers can be exactly diagnosed in the precancerous stage, and early detection and treatment of cancer can provide a good help for the patients.
