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Bio 161 Ecology and Evolution

Bio 161 Ecology and Evolution. Symbiosis: Antagonism (part 2). Antagonisms: Prey and predator are differently motivated: Whereas the prey runs for its life, the predator runs for a meal. Or, when the predator loses it misses a meal; when the prey is defeated, it loses its life.

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Bio 161 Ecology and Evolution

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  1. Bio 161 Ecology and Evolution Symbiosis: Antagonism (part 2).

  2. Antagonisms: Prey and predator are differently motivated: Whereas the prey runs for its life, the predator runs for a meal. Or, when the predator loses it misses a meal; when the prey is defeated, it loses its life.

  3. Alfred Lotka Mathematical modeling of antagonism: 1925 Vito Volterra

  4. Antagonism: Gause’s experiments.

  5. Paramecium Didinium

  6. No refuge for the prey Paramecium Didinium

  7. (Complete) refuge for prey Paramecium Didinium

  8. Partial refuge for the prey Paramecium Didinium

  9. Antagonism: Examples in nature. Kaibab Plateau deer.

  10. Kaibab Plateau, (Arizona) experiment. Kaibab Plateau Exp. (NE corner of Arizona.)

  11. Antagonism: Examples in nature. Snowshoe hare and Northern lynx.

  12. Hudson Bay Fur Co.

  13. Antagonism: Examples in nature. Red grouse and nematode worm.

  14. Red grouse (Lagopuslagopusscoticus) and nematode worm (Trichostrongylustenuis)

  15. Antagonism: Examples in nature. Prickly pear cactus and Cactoblastis moth (Australia).

  16. Cactoblastis moth

  17. Cactoblastis larvae feeding on cactus pad.

  18. Antagonism: Examples in nature. Asian giant hornet and honeybees.

  19. (Europeanhoney bee) (Asian honey bee)

  20. Apiscerana (Asian honey bee)

  21. Apiscerana (Asian honey bee)

  22. Apismellifera(European honey bee)

  23. Apismellifera(European honey bee)

  24. Apismellifera(European honey bee)

  25. Vespamandarinia(Asian giant hornet)

  26. Vespamandarinia(Asian giant hornet)

  27. Asian giant hornet (Vespa mandarinia) raiding honey bee hive and decapitating the honeybees one-by-one.

  28. Suffocation of Giant honet (Vespa mandarinia) by Asian honey bee cluster.

  29. Suffocation of Giant honet (Vespa mandarinia) by Asian honey bee cluster.

  30. Cicada killer

  31. Cicada killer

  32. Antagonism: Examples in nature. Rabbits and Myxomatosa virus (Australia).

  33. Overpopulation rabbits Australia

  34. The Black Death is estimated to have killed 30% to 60% of Europe's population. In total, the plague may have reduced the world population from an estimated 450 million to 350–375 million in the 14th century. It took 200 years for the world population to recover to its previous level. The plague recurred as outbreaks in Europe until the 19th century.

  35. Antagonism: Examples in nature. Black death (Yersinia pestis) and humans.

  36. Measles before introduction of vaccin.

  37. Paradsitoid. Tomato hornworm mothHawk mothSphynx mothHummingbird moth

  38. Manducasexta

  39. Manducasexta Tomato hornworm mothHawk mothSphynx mothHummingbird moth

  40. Cotesiacongregata: Braconid wasp ovipositing into a hornworm.

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