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Understanding Terrorism: Causes, Methods, and Impact

Learn about the roots and manifestations of terrorism, the reasons behind it, historical examples, and present places of concern. Discover the use of force to intimidate society, create change through violence, and the potential consequences of political elite control.

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Understanding Terrorism: Causes, Methods, and Impact

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    1. Special Problems

    2. Terrorism

    3. What is terrorism? Using force to intimidate or coerce society to advance a social or political agenda Creating change through violence Destabilize society & make authorities seem ineffective Break a far more powerful enemys will by fear, psychological exhaustion and attrition Example: Soviet experience in Afghanistan A way for powerless groups to multiply their force Methods Individual terror: assassinations and kidnappings Mass terror: Bombings in public places Guerrilla warfare

    4. What propels terrorism? Political elite in tight control Large group that... Is socially & economically deprived Has little opportunity to influence policy Opposition develops Revolutionary vanguard with a dynamic leadership Explanatory ideology, with justifications for violence Recruitment of the dissatisfied, disenchanted and disenfranchised Governments can lay the seeds of their own destruction Corruption Over-response & failure to respond Missteps can diminish support from public, police and military

    5. Historical examples Russian Revolutionary terrorism Italian left-wing terrorism (Red Brigades) German left-wing terrorism (Baader-Meinhof) Cuban revolution Argentine Montoneros Peruvian Shining Path Northern Ireland (IRA v. the Loyalists) Present places of concern Ukraine & Georgia Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Jordan, Palestine Pakistan & Afghanistan And on and on...

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