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Describing Motion

Describing Motion. The graphs Part II…. Velocity. The slope of a position vs time graph is?. The slope of part 2?. The slope of part 1?. The velocity in interval 3?. + 2 m/s. -1m/s. Consider a car moving with a constant , rightward (+) velocity of +10 m/s. .

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Describing Motion

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  1. Describing Motion The graphs Part II…

  2. Velocity The slope of a position vs time graph is? The slope of part 2? The slope of part 1? The velocity in interval 3? + 2 m/s -1m/s

  3. Consider a car moving with a constant, rightward (+) velocity of +10 m/s. What does a velocity vs time graph look like for this motion? Zero Acceleration

  4. Now consider a car moving with a rightward (+), changing velocity – that is, a car that is moving rightward and speeding up or accelerating. And the graph? The car is moving in the positive direction and speeding up, it is said to have a positive acceleration.

  5. The slope of a velocity time graph is … Slope = Δy = Change in velocity = Δx Change in time ACCELERATION The instantaneous accelerationof an object at a certain time is the slope of the velocity versus time graph at that time. It can be positive, negative, or zero.

  6. Positive and negative acceleration & velocity? Acceleration and velocity are in opposite directions Acceleration and velocity in same direction Acceleration and velocity in same direction Acceleration and velocity are in opposite directions

  7. Describe the motion of the dot. Constant positive velocity What does the position vs time graph look like? What does the velocity vs time graph look like? What does the acceleration vs time graph look like?

  8. Describe the motion of the dot. A negative constant velocity What does the position vs time graph look like? What does the velocity vs time graph look like? What does the acceleration vs time graph look like?

  9. Describe the motion of the dot. A positive velocity and a positive acceleration What does the position vs time graph look like? What does the velocity vs time graph look like? What does the acceleration vs time graph look like?

  10. Describe the motion of the dot. A positive velocity and negative acceleration What does the position vs time graph look like? What does the velocity vs time graph look like? What does the acceleration vs time graph look like?

  11. Describe the motion of the dot. A negative velocity and negative acceleration What does the position vs time graph look like? What does the velocity vs time graph look like? What does the acceleration vs time graph look like?

  12. Example: The velocity-time graph for a two-stage rocket is shown below. Use the graph and your understanding of slope calculations to determine the acceleration of the rocket during the listed time intervals 1 to 4 sec 4 to 9 sec 9 to 12 sec 0 to 1 sec + 40m/s2 accelerating upward +20 m/s2 Still accelerating upward -20 m/s2 Decelerating & moving upward -20 m/s2 Accelerating downward

  13. 3,2,1,Blast off…

  14. Example 2: a) What is the acceleration in interval A? Acc = Δy = (20 – 0 m/s) = Δx (10 – 0 s) + 2 m/s2 b) What distance does it travel in first the 20s? The distance covered is the “area under” the line. Area = ½ bh Distance = ½ (20s)(40m/s) Distance = 400 m

  15. Example 2: c) What is the acceleration in interval B? Constant velocity of +40 m/s d) What is the distance traveled during t=20s to t = 40s? The distance covered is the “area under” the line. Area = (b)(h) Distance = (20s)(40m/s) Distance = 800m e) What is the total distance? Distance = 400m + 800m = 1200m

  16. Describing Motion with graphs Homework: Graphing Motion Worksheet # 2 - due tomorrow BOC

  17. The Sonic Ranger Lab II In this section of the lab you will use the sonic motion detector again. The computer will calculate and graph your velocity as a function of time. You will practice making and interpreting velocity-time graphs.

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