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Napoleon's Continental System: Strategies, Conflicts, and the Peninsular War

After his defeat at Trafalgar, Napoleon sought to weaken England through the Continental System, prohibiting British goods in Europe. The Berlin Decree (1806) aimed to block British ships, but the British circumvented it using neutral vessels. The subsequent Milan Decree (1807) escalated tensions, leading to the invasion of Portugal and Spain, igniting the Peninsular War, where Napoleon faced guerrilla warfare. As issues with Russia emerged in 1812, tensions with Czar Alexander I mounted due to covert trading with England and aspirations for Polish territory.

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Napoleon's Continental System: Strategies, Conflicts, and the Peninsular War

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  1. Napoleon’s Policies

  2. “Napoleon Crossing the Alps” By Jacques- Louis David

  3. After the defeat at Trafalgar, Napoleon adopted the Continental System to defeat England • Continental system=British goods could not enter Europe • Without Europe as a customer of British goods, Napoleon hoped England would enter a depression Continental System

  4. The Berlin Decree (1806) banned British ships from entering European ports • England got around this by putting its goods on neutral ships • The Milan Decree (1807) said that any ships that docked in England could be confiscated Berlin & Milan Decree’s

  5. Portugal refuses to take part in the Continental System • Napoleon invades Portugal • Spain refuses to help, so Napoleon invades Spain also • This becomes known as the Peninsular War Peninsular War

  6. Napoleon gets bogged down with guerilla warfare • What is Guerilla warfare? • a form of irregular warfare in which a small group of combatants including, but not limited to, armed civilians (or "irregulars") using military tactics, such as ambushes, sabotage, raids, petty warfare, the element of surprise, and extraordinary mobility to dominate a larger and less-mobile traditional army, or strike a vulnerable target, and withdraw almost immediately. • This is where Napoleon suffers his first loses Peninsular War

  7. 1811

  8. Alexander I was the Czar of Russia in 1812 • Alexander begins openly trading with England in 1810 • Alexander’s advisors recommend retaking Poland from France • Napoleon catches on and starts moving troops toward the Russian border Problems with Russia

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