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TOPICS OF THIS PRESENTATION

Water for the Recovery of the Climate - A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ Slovakia Water Tribune, Zaragoza , 23rd August 200 8. TOPICS OF THIS PRESENTATION. INTRODUCTION BODY Human impact on water cycle Water cycle and climate change

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TOPICS OF THIS PRESENTATION

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  1. Water for the Recovery of the Climate -A New Water Paradigm Michal Kravcik, Juraj Kohutiar NGO „People and Water“ SlovakiaWater Tribune, Zaragoza, 23rdAugust 2008

  2. TOPICS OF THIS PRESENTATION INTRODUCTION BODY • Human impact on water cycle • Water cycle and climate change • Recovery of the climate CONCLUSION

  3. HUMAN IMPACT ON WATER CYCLE

  4. “On July 22d [1494], he [Columbus] departed for Jamaica…. every afternoon there was a rain squall that lasted for about an hour. The admiral attributes this to the great forests of that land; he knew from experience that formerly this also occurred in the Canary, Madeira, and Azore Islands, but since the removal of forests that once covered those islands they do not have so much mist and rain as before.” /Christopher Columbus’ biography by his son Ferdinand/

  5. FRESHWATER STOCKS ON EARTH

  6. DEFORESTATION &AGRICULTURE Deforestation / some forms of farming cause: • increase of runoff (and erosion) • lower infiltration (groundwater recharge) • lower evaporation (change of regional climate)

  7. ALTERATION OF RIVERS • natural meanders removed • adjacent swamps drained • shortening length increases slope • acceleration of runoff • lowering land's ability to retain water

  8. SOIL SEALING IN CITIES • about 20 billion m3 of rainwater sluiced from municipalities of Europeannually

  9. PAVEMENT IMPACT • infiltration decreases (groundwater recharge decreases) • evaporationdecreases(air humidity decreases) • runoff increases(through sewage to rivers and sea) Free surface Paved surface

  10. WATER BALANCE OF THE INVESTIGATED TERRITORY

  11. RUNOFF FROM URBANAND FOREST ENVIRONMENTS Decrease of runoffis overlooked flood prevention measure

  12. SOIL SEALING DESTROYSSMALL WATER CYCLE(S) ON LAND

  13. Atmosphere Land Oceans EARTH – WATER BUDGET Precipitation 99 000 km³/year Evaporation 62 000 km³/year Evaporation 361 000km³/year Precipitation 324 000 km³/year Runoff 37 000 km³/year There is more water in „small“ water cycle than in „large“ water cycle!!!

  14. WATER CYCLE AND CLIMATE CHANGE

  15. The rain in Spain falls mainly on the plain... (???)

  16. The rain in Slovakia failsmainly on the plain...

  17. HOT CLIMATIC UMBRELLA OF A CITY Soil sealing resulting in the lack of evapotranspiration in urban areas is the main reason of “urban heat island” effects.

  18. Why the rain failsmainly on the plain? Rising air flows push precipitation away to colder and more humid areas

  19. PRECIPITATION TRENDSIN CITY PRESOV

  20. PRECIPITATION TRENDS IN SLOVAKIA

  21. PRECIPITATION IN MOUNTAINS AND LOWLANDS – DANUBE WATERSHED

  22. RECOVERY OF THE CLIMATE

  23. When fire and water are at war, it is the firethat loses. /Spanish Proverb/

  24. GROWTH OF EXTREME WEATHER WITH DECLINE OF SMALL WATER CYCLE The less water “soil sealing” allows in small water cycle, the more frequent and more severe are extremes of weather

  25. DESTRUCTION AND RENEWAL OF SMALL WATER CYCLE There is a hope of recovery by returning the lost water back to the land.

  26. RAINWATER HARVESTING FROM ROOFS IN CITIES

  27. WATER CYCLE OF A FAMILY HOUSE

  28. RAINWATER HARVESTING ON SLOPES

  29. RAINWATER HARVESTING EXAMPLES

  30. INFRARED PICTURE OF THE „WATER FOREST“

  31. SUMMARY

  32. Take care, your worship, those things over there are not giants but windmills... Miguel de Cervantes, Don Quijote

  33. Old water paradigm protects surface water as the main source and reserve of water New water paradigm protects groundwater and soil water as the main treasure of water www.waterparadigm.org

  34. Old water paradigm soil sealing has minimal impact on the water cycle New water paradigm soil sealing has a fundamental impact on the water cycle www.waterparadigm.org

  35. Old water paradigm soil sealing has minimal influence on global warming New water paradigm soil sealing may be important factor in global warming www.waterparadigm.org

  36. Old water paradigm rainwater is an inconvenience, needs to be quickly removed New water paradigm rainwater is an asset that needs to be retained (especially in soil/plants) www.waterparadigm.org

  37. GRACIAS!THANKS!MERCI! DANKE!ĎAKUJEM!... ... ...

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