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Understanding the Causes of World War I: Militarism, Alliances, Nationalism, and Imperialism

World War I was precipitated by various complex factors often summarized by the acronym M.A.N.I.A. This includes Militarism, where nations built up their armed forces; Alliances, which were agreements among countries to support one another; Nationalism, where a strong sense of pride pushed countries towards conflict; and Imperialism, which involved nations expanding their territories. Key events like the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and the subsequent declarations of war set off a chain reaction involving multiple nations, ultimately leading to a devastating global conflict.

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Understanding the Causes of World War I: Militarism, Alliances, Nationalism, and Imperialism

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  1. WWI :Pre-USInvolvement

  2. Causes of World War I M A N I A ilitarism– policy of building up strong military forces to prepare for war lliances - agreements between nations to aid and protect one another ationalism – pride in or devotion to one’s country mperialism – when one country takes over another country economically and politically ssassination – murder of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand

  3. Militarism

  4. Alliances Triple Entente: Triple Alliance: Great Britain Germany Austria-Hungary France Russia Italy

  5. Events that led to the Great War: 1. Austria-Hungary took over Bosnia & Herzegovina(Nationalism) (Imperialism) 2. Serbia mad at A-H…..shot Ferdinand

  6. Assassination

  7. Assassination 3. A-H declares war on Serbia 4. Russia defends Serbia (Alliances)

  8. Allied Powers: Central Powers: Great Britain Germany World War I France Austria-Hungary Russia Ottoman Empire Italy

  9. 1914 -Stalemate • Battles at Verdun and Somme River - 10 months 1 million dead

  10. British Navy cut off supplies to Germany • German u-boats cut off supplies to Allies U.S = Isolationism • Long ties to allies BUT… • Many immigrants from Central Powers • Irish Am. dislike British BUT THEN…

  11. Lusitania – May 1915 • Law – warships may not destroy civilian ships • 1200 killed (128 Americans) • Germany’s defense • Thought war materials aboard

  12. Sussex – sunk one year later • U.S furious • Sussex Pledge 1915 – no sinking of ships w/o warning and saving lives • 1917 – Germans broke pledge Zimmerman Note • Proposed alliance between Germ. And Mex. against US • Return Texas, Arizona, New Mex. April 6, 1917 • US declares war on Germany

  13. (above) Zimmermann Telegram as Received by the German Ambassador to Mexico, 01/19/1917 (right) decoded words

  14. Zimmermann Telegram: Decoded Message

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