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Introduction

Introduction. Standards of length, mass and time: METER – the distance traveled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1/ 299 792 458 s KILOGRAM – the mass of specific platinum-iridium alloy cylinder kept at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (France)

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Introduction

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  1. Introduction

  2. Standards of length, mass and time: METER – the distance traveled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1/ 299 792 458 s KILOGRAM – the mass of specific platinum-iridium alloy cylinder kept at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (France) SECOND - as 9 192 631 700 times the period of oscillation of radiation from the cesium atom (cesium atomic clock)

  3. Dimensional Analysis • Dimension = physical nature of quantity • Dimensional analysis : dimension can be treated as algebraic quantities • (SI = Systeme International; cgs =cantimeter-gram-second) • Significant figure –is a reliably known digit • In multiplying two or more quantities, the number of significant figures in the final product is the same as the number of significant figures in the LEAST accurate of the factors (having the lowest number of significant figures

  4. Rules for determining significant zeros

  5. Rules for Calculating with Significant Figures

  6. Conversion of units: • SI to US customary • 1 mile =1609m =1.609 km • 1 ft =0.3048m =30.48 cm • 1m =39.37in =3.281 ft • 1in =o.0254m =2.54cm

  7. Coordinate systems • Cartesian coordinate system –rectangular coordinate system (x,y) • Plane polar coordinate (r,θ) • Trigonometry • sinθ = side opposite θ /hypotenuse = y/r • cosθ = side adjacent to θ/ hypotenuse =x/r • Pythagorean theorem : • r2 =x2 + y2

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