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Introduction to Hinduism

Introduction to Hinduism. Way of life Variety of paths Extreme asceticism to extreme sensuality British Traders= 19 th century Sanatana Dharma- -- “eternal religion” 333 million gods or just 1 god? Development--- No emphasis on chronology Events/people intermixed with embellishments/

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Introduction to Hinduism

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  1. Introduction to Hinduism

  2. Way of life • Variety of paths • Extreme asceticism to • extreme sensuality • British Traders= 19th century • Sanatana Dharma--- • “eternal religion” • 333 million gods or just 1 god? • Development--- • No emphasis on chronology • Events/people intermixed with embellishments/ • symbolism

  3. Harappan Civilization Aboriginal people= Dravidians Urban centers= 2500 B.C. Harappa--- “Great Bath”- Mohenjo Daro-

  4. Mohenjo Daro

  5. Aryan Invasion Theory

  6. Vedic Age Aryans overrun Dravidians Vedas- religious text- foundations to sanatana dharma Sanskrit--- Vedas- basis of upper-class Brahmanic Hinduism Vedas--- Samhitas Brahmanas Aranyakas Upanishads Transmitted orally for centuries Rig Veda--- Indra Agni Soma Ushas

  7. Indian Caste System Aryans Dravidians

  8. History of the Caste System Membership to caste— Code of Manu (100)--- laws governing all aspects of life: gender roles in the code Indian government outlaws caste- 1948 Realities of caste system today---- Intro. to caste system video clip Religious justification for caste--

  9. Ancient Hindu Texts

  10. Mahabharata Sanskrit poem 400 BC- 400 AD Shows all sides of human nature Primary ethic--- Consideration of others= basis of dharma Bhagavad-Gita

  11. What idea is being conveyed with the following video clips---- • War--- • 2) Meeting Bagger Vance----- • 3) Authentic Swing---- • 4) In the woods------

  12. Ancient Hindu Texts: part 2

  13. Ramayana Epics= eternal play of good vs. evil Written between 400 BC- 200 AD Examples of the “virtuous life” Stories acted out every year in India Ideals of ….

  14. Hinduism Beliefs

  15. What is “Brahman?”

  16. Bhatki Movement • Bhatki- devotion to personal manifestation of Brahman …. Meaning? • Brahman, Atman, Moksha… abstract- difficult to relate to…. • Puranas- epics created to personalize deities • (500 AD) • Ramayana • Mahabharata • Vishnu is supreme- intervenes in the world (think Krishna in the Gita)

  17. Brahman Trinity: Bhatki Movement Brahma the Creator Vishnu the Preserver Shiva (Sita) the Destroyer

  18. When Does Vishnu Intervene? World Cycles Each cycle is 4,320,000 years long Each cycle divided into 4 ages (yugas) 1. 2. 3. 4. Kali Yuga- Struggle between dharma and dissolution Role of Vishnu: Avatars---- Lord Vishnu and 10 …

  19. Hinduism Beliefs Atman Brahma

  20. Moksha Maya

  21. Reincarnation • samsara--- cycle of birth, death, and rebirth • Liberation- goal is to break the cycle (Moksha) • Relationship to the caste system------- • Dharma---- • Karma-----

  22. Karma Dharma

  23. Karma/Dharma Assignment Karma--- List 5 positive actions you have done in your life and how you might later see their consequences. List 5 negative actions you have done in your life and how you might later see their consequences.

  24. Karma/Dharma Assignment Dharma---- List 5 roles that you are required to fulfill in life and incorporate the responsibilities/expectations for each role. (1. Student: obedience, challenging, questioning, learning, etc.; 2. Son/Daughter: ….)

  25. Hindu Culture Philosophical Systems Spiritual Disciplines Festivals Theistic Cults Devotions & Rituals

  26. Two Philosophical Approaches to Hinduism • Samkhya---- • Purusha: purity (think of it like heaven) • vs. • Prakriti: distractions here on earth • We are all inherently divine but we forget b/c of our earthly concerns. • Dualistic sense of life …

  27. 2. Advaita Vedanta---- • Based from Upanishads • Monistic system as opposed to being in a dualistic system • Shankara (Medieval philosopher)– Atman and Brahman are inseparably one • Material life is simply illusionary sense of self over consciousness of One • Goal- overcome illusion = • attain enlightenment

  28. Topics for Hinduism Culture Presentations • Directions: Over the course of the next two days, you will be investigating part of the religious culture of Hinduism. Culture is something that is ever changing, fluid, and demonstrated in a variety of ways depending on the location, people involved and time period. We will be concentrating on the following topics: spiritual disciplines, cults, and holidays/festivals. • Steps to Complete Requirements---- • Spend today/tonight reading and learning all you can about your topic. Don’t rely on one site but go to as many as time affords you. • Tomorrow: You will design a one-page handout explaining the following: what is your topic; why is it important in Hindu culture; 3-5 interesting/important facts about the topic which should include example(s) to help the class understand the topic/concept; a visual on the handout that relates to your topic. Additionally, if you are able to find a video clip (less than a minute) to share with the class, that will be encouraged. • Thursday- You will present to the class in a 3 minute presentation with copies of your handout for everyone. • Grading • Participation • Content- depth of understanding • Oral Presentation • Handout • Total Points= 20 • Topics • Gurus 7. Saivites • Raja Yoga 8. Saktas • Jnana Yoga 9. Puja/Prasad • Karma Yoga 10. Holi • Bhaki Yoga 11. DurgaPuja • Vaishnavites 12. Diwali

  29. Contemporary Issues with Hinduism Hinduism as an ethnic religion: Recent History: British Involvement in India Tension with Muslims (partition= 1948) Kashmir--- Key Figures: Swami Vivekananda Gandhi--- Ramakrishna:

  30. So, who is a Hindu? India= secular nation? …. Exclusive or universal? Indian Supreme Court states a Hindu must: Role of Government in shaping Hinduism: Hinduism Around the World: Transcendental Meditation: International Society for Krishna Consciousness: Hindu Influence on Western World:

  31. Julia Roberts takes up Hinduism Aug 6, 2010, 11.31am IST Hollywood superstar Julia Robertshas converted to Hinduism in the hope of having a peaceful life in her next incarnation. The 42-year-old actress, who was born to a Baptist and Catholic couple, is now a practicing Hindu after visiting India while shooting her upcoming movie 'Eat Pray Love'. Speaking to the September issue of Elle magazine, the Academy award winning actress said she now goes to temples to "chant, pray and celebrate" accompanied by her cameraman husband Daniel Moder and their three children, Hazel, Phinnaeus and Henry.

  32. Beatles in India (1968) Maharishi Mahesh Yogi

  33. Within You, Without You We were talking-about the space between us allAnd the people-who hide themselves behind a wall of illusionNever glimpse the truth-then it's far too late-when they pass away. We were talking-about the love we all could share-when we find itTo try our best to hold it there-with our loveWith our love-we could save the world-if they only knew. Try to realize it's all within yourselfNo-one else can make you changeAnd to see you're really only very small,And life flows on within you and without you. We were talking-about the love that's gone so cold and the people,Who gain the world and lose their soul-They don't know-they can't see-are you one of them? When you've seen beyond yourself-then you may find, peace of mind,Is waiting there-And the time will come when you seewe're all one, and life flows on within you and without you. - George Harrison, 1967

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