Kuassi Mensah Rajkumar Irudayaraj Java Products Group Oracle Corporation

2. Kuassi Mensah Rajkumar Irudayaraj Java Products Group Oracle Corporation

3. Oracle Database 10g JDBCBest-of-Breed Drivers for Java, J2EE, Web Services and GRID

4. Agenda • Oracle Database 10g JDBC Overview • Implicit Connection Cache • Fast Connection Fail-Over

5. Agenda • Oracle Database 10g JDBC Overview • Re-Architecture Groundwork • Database Connectivity for Java, J2EE, Web Services and GRID • Tighter Integration with the Oracle Database • Feature Consistency across Type-2 and Type-4 Drivers • Miscellaneous Enhancements • Implicit Connection Cache • Fast Connection Fail-Over

6. Re-Architecture Ground Work • Reduce functional gap between drivers • Faster JDBC Application Execution • Reduced Code Path • Reduced Java intermediate and Temporary Objects • Caching and Reusing • Optimized Conversion Operations Fastest JDBC Drivers, Best SPECJApp2002 results

7. Comprehensive Support for JDBC 3.0 • Oracle Database 9i R2 JDBC • Transaction Savepoint • Toggling between Local and Global transactions • Reuse of PreparedStatement • JDK 1.4.x support for JDBC Clients • Oracle Database 10g JDBC • Named Parameters • DataLink URL • New Ref interface • J2EE Connector Architecture Resource Adapter • Web Rowset (JSR-114 Public Draft)

8. Database Connectivity for Web Services • Web Services Support • JDBC 3.0 Web RowSet (JSR-114 Public Draft) • Database Web Services Call-in • GRID Computing Support • Dynamic Load-balancing across RAC/GRID • Transparent Session Migration for GRID (Future)

9. JSR-114 JDBC RowSet EJB Servlet JDBCRowSet CachedRowSet Web Services WebRowSet FilteredRowSet

10. JDBC WebRowSet - Definition • An implementation of JSR-114, extends java.sql.ResultSet capabilities • Enables reading and writing result sets from/into XML format • Serializable/Distributable • Disconnected, decoupled from Data Source • Extensible to non-tabular data • Can be shipped over Internet using HTTP/XML protocols

11. JDBC WebRowSet - Example //create a resultSet to populate RowSet stmt = conn.createStatement(); rs = stmt.executeQuery("select ..."); OracleWebRowSet wrs = new OracleWebRowSet(); // populate the RowSet wrs.populate(rs); // close the connection conn.close(); // RowSet still contains values... wrs.next(); Object col1 = wrs.getObject(1); // write the RowSet out as XML wrs.writeXML(out);

12. Database as Web Services Provider J2EE (Business Logic) Oracle Database 10g Oracle9iAS Web Services Framework Web Service Client PL/SQL Java Oracle Application Server 10g SOAP JDBC Data Data Logic SQL/DML SQL/Query AQ/Streams

13. Database Connectivity forRAC/GRID • Dynamic Load-balancing across RAC/GRID • Fast Connection Fail-Over • Transparent Session Migration for GRID • Migrate Sessions across instances of the same database (Future)

14. Tighter Integration with the Oracle Database • Manageability/Ease of Use • End-to-End Tracing support • Enhanced Datum support • Easy Type-2 Driver Install • New and Enhanced Data Types • Native IEEE DOUBLE and FLOAT • INTERVAL-DAY-TO-SECOND • Enhanced VARRY • LONG-to-LOB Conversion • Unlimited LOB size

15. Feature Consistency across Type-2 and Type-4 Drivers • “Thin” Reducing the gap with “OCI” • PL/SQL Index-By table support • New Encryption algorithms: 3DES112 & 3DES168 • Direct XA: performance optimizations for XA operations • Proxy Authentication • RAC/HA support: Fast Connection Fail-Over • Starting/Stopping the Database

16. Miscellaneous • System Properties to set CHAR/NCHAR behavior • Stop shipping classes111 and zip files • NLS Repackaging

17. Agenda • Oracle Database 10g JDBC Overview • Implicit Connection Cache • Connection Caching: 9i R2 versus 10g • Transparent Access to the Cache • Connection Retrieval based on User-Defined Attributes • Handling Abandoned Connections • Connection Cache Manager • Advanced Features • Fast Connection Fail-Over

18. Connection Caching: 9i R2 versus 10g Connection Connection Caching 9i R2 10g Transparent Cache Access No Yes Refresh Stale Connections No Yes Attributes based Conn. Retrieval No Yes Reclaim/Reuse Abandoned Conn. No Yes Heterogeneous User/Password No Yes Centralized Cache Management No Yes

19. Transparent Access to the Connection Cache • Standard DataSource getConnection() APIs retrieve cached Connections Example: ods.setUSer(“scott”); ods.setConnectionCachingEnabled(true); ctx.bind(“MyDS”, ods); … ds = (OracleDataSource) ctx.lookup(“MyDS”); conn.getConnection(); // transparent cache creation and access … conn.close(); // return connection to the cache … ds.close(); // finally, close cache enabled DataSource

20. Connection Attributes Support • Request connection from cache based on user-defined attributes • getConnection(java.util.Properties connAttr) • Support to associate user-defined attributes on a connection for future retrieval • applyConnectionAttributes(java.util.Properties connAttr) • close(java.util.Properties connAttr) • Get unmatched attributes on the retrieved connection • java.util.Properties getUnMatchedConnectionAttributes()

21. Connection Attributes Support… Example: // Multiple attributes may be specified connAttr.setProperty(“NLS_LANG”, “ISO-LATIN-1”); connAttr.setProperty(“TRANSACTION_ISOLATION”, “SERIALIZABLE”); … conn = getConnection(connAttr); // retrieve connection … // get UnMatched attributes from the retrieved connection // May need to initialize the required attributes that did not match java.util.Properties unMatchedAttr = conn.getUnMatchedConnectionAttributes(); … conn.close(connAttr); // close the connection

22. Abandoned Connection Timeout Support • Helps reclaim abandoned or orphaned connections checked out from the cache • Support enabled by setting AbandonedConnectionTimeout property on the cache • JDBC monitors heart beat based on activity to the database, such as stmt.execute(). • Connection is reclaimed and returned to the cache, if connection is inactive for the specified period

23. Connection Cache Manager mid-tier Node Oracle JDBC Driver Cache# 1 Session 1.1 .... Session 1.m ... Session n.1 .... Cache# n Cache Manager Session n.m

24. Connection Cache Manager… • Centralized Connection Cache Management • Handles cache management from creation until death. • Allows dynamic cache reconfiguration. • Supports retrieval of number of checked out or available connections • Supports and manages multiple caches

25. Advanced Features • Connection Attributes support based on weights • Allows assignment of weights to attributes for selective retrieval of connections from cache. • Support for new Cache property • to assign weights to connection Attributes: java.util.Properties CacheAttributeWeights • Support for Connection Cache Callbacks • for AbandonedConnectionCallback and ReleaseConnectionCallback

26. Agenda • Oracle Database 10g JDBC Overview • Implicit Connection Caching • Fast Connection Fail-Over

27. Fast Connection Failover Failed Database Connections New Database Connections Fast Connection Fail-over • Resilient connections – Rapid detection and cleanup of invalid connections in the cache • This is achieved by handling RAC Service/Host DOWN events • Load Balancing of connections for Service UP events

28. Java/J2EE ERP Fail-over Scenario Instance#1 Inst 1 Inst 2 Inst 3 Inst 4 Pre Fail-over Post Fail-Over

29. Fast Connection Fail-over Processing Connection Cache Manager ONS Daemon 1 Connection cache objects Start/Stop 3 Publish 2 Subscribe 4 handleEvent() Threads process events, one per cache 5 Failover Event HandlerThread .. .. .. Connection objects

30. Fast Connection Fail-over Processing… • New DataSource property: ConnectionFailoverEnabled must be set to true • Works in conjunction with Implicit Connection Caching, to process connections efficiently • Each connection is mapped to its Instance Name and Host Name. • Processes Service UP/DOWN and Host DOWN events. • Process events one at a time – guaranteed processing.

31. Fast Connection Fail-over Processing… • One Worker thread per Connection Cache handles event processing – more efficient • First pass • Connections are marked as down first, to efficiently disable bad connections • Second pass • Cleans up connections that are marked as bad • Applications in the middle of a Transaction are thrown a SQL Exception, and the Transaction is rolled back • Service UP event initiates connections to be Load Balanced to all active RAC instances

32. Fast Connection Fail-over (FCF) vs. TAF • Connection Retries: • FCF allows retry at the Application level, whereas TAF retries occur at the OCI/Net layer. Application layer (Example: EJB Container) fully controls retries • Integrated with the Connection Cache: • Unlike TAF, FCF works in conjunction with the Implicit Connection Cache, and has complete control over connections managed by the cache • RAC Events Based: • FCF is a RAC event based mechanism. This is much more efficient than detecting failures of network calls • Load Balancing Support: • FCF supports UP event Load Balancing of connections across active RAC instances

33. JDBC Summary • Best performing JDBC drivers • Hassle-Free Install and Upgrade • Faster Development • Best Database Connectivity for Java, J2EE, Web Services and GRID • Tighter Integration with the Oracle Database • Feature Rich Implicit Connection Cache • RAC Events based Fast Connection Fail-Over • Feature consistency across type-2 and type-4 JDBC drivers • Allows the flexibility of using different flavor of JDBC drivers for development and deployment

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