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Innovation and Regulatory Adaptability: Insights from ICABR 2012 on Trade Agreements and Policy

This presentation by Cami Ryan from the University of Saskatchewan, co-authored by Jillian McDonald and Stuart Smyth, examines the roles of international agreements such as the Free Trade Areas of the Americas and the Cotonou Agreement in shaping innovation and regulatory frameworks. Focusing on Brazil, South Africa, and the Philippines, it highlights the complexities of biotech trade relationships and the influence of historical and geopolitical contexts on agricultural policy adoption. The insights presented discuss the challenges faced by developing countries and the impact of trade agreements on biotechnology.

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Innovation and Regulatory Adaptability: Insights from ICABR 2012 on Trade Agreements and Policy

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  1. International Consortium of Applied Bioeconomy Research (ICABR) Ravello, Italy June 2012 Cami Ryan University of Saskatchewan (co-authors: Jillian McDonald and Stuart Smyth) Innovation and Regulatory Adaptability

  2. Examining innovative science policy… Free Trade Area Agreement of the Americas (2004) Cotonou Agreement (2003) (formerly the Lomé Convention (1975)) Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (1989) The Philippines Brazil South Africa ICABR 2012 Ryan, McDonald & Smyth

  3. Roles of international agreements… Facilitate trade interests European Economic Community (EEC) Free Trade Agreement (FTA) / NAFTA Goals for research & innovation CGIAR …challenges / complexities…

  4. Brazil Free Trade Area Agreement of the Americas (2004) • Other partners: • signed on: 2004 • Trade & investment ICABR 2012 Ryan, McDonald & Smyth

  5. Brazil Military dictatorship 60s  Political turmoil 80s Economic growth 80s  Measures to liberalize Global leader in GM crops ICABR 2012 Ryan, McDonald & Smyth

  6. South Africa Cotonou Agreement (2003) (formerly the Lomé Convention (1975)) • Other partners: • signed on: 2003 • Trade & aid ICABR 2012 Ryan, McDonald & Smyth

  7. South Africa Not party to same preferential treatment Trade relations with the EU - TDCA Prior to 1994: SA policy affected by Apartheid Private sector investment in R&D Turbulent changes in mid 90s   public inv 9th in GM crop production ICABR 2012 Ryan, McDonald & Smyth

  8. The Philippines Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (1989) • Other partners: • signed on: 1989 • Trade, tech transfer • and food security ICABR 2012 Ryan, McDonald & Smyth

  9. The Philippines First ASEAN region to establish GM reg system 1/3 total land mass is dedicated to ag production First ASEAN country to commercialize GM crop (Bt corn) Adoption of GM crops – farmer driven ICABR 2012 Ryan, McDonald & Smyth

  10. Trade Analysis: relative distributions of exports Authors’ calculations on data sourced from: FAO Tradestat, 2012 ICABR 2012 Ryan, McDonald & Smyth

  11. Qualifying Trade Relationships… ICABR 2012 Ryan, McDonald & Smyth

  12. Innovation/Science Policy Matrix ICABR 2012 Ryan, McDonald & Smyth

  13. Policy implications & conclusions • Almost 50% of biotech crops in developing countries (James 2010) • Growth rates 2x that of developed countries (2011) 33+ Million Has. James 2011

  14. Policy implications & conclusions • H0: International & trade agreements serve as influencers to adoption of policy/regulatory systems in developing countries • results: it’s just not that simple! • Development of reg systems • Complex! • Partially influenced by trade/strategic partnerships • Other context-dependent factors • Political history • Geo-political factors • Historical relationships ICABR 2012 Ryan, McDonald & Smyth

  15. No? Good… let’s drink wine. Cami Ryan University of Saskatchewan cami.ryan@usask.ca Thanks to my co-authors! Jillian McDonald & Stuart Smyth Questions? Comments?

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