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Study of Exclusive Hard Processes with Hadron Beams at J-PARC

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Study of Exclusive Hard Processes with Hadron Beams at J-PARC. Mini Workshop on “Structure and Productions of Charmed Baryons II” August 7-9, 2014, J-PARC, Tokai. Wen-Chen Chang 章文箴 Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica 中央研究院 物理研究所. Outline.

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  1. Study of Exclusive Hard Processes with Hadron Beams at J-PARC Mini Workshop on “Structure and Productions of Charmed Baryons II” August 7-9, 2014, J-PARC, Tokai Wen-Chen Chang 章文箴 Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica 中央研究院 物理研究所

  2. Outline • Uniqueness of hadron physics studied at HiPBL of J-PARC • Selected Physics Processes: • Drell-Yan process • Hard exclusive process • Feasibility study of exclusive Drell-Yan process in P50 spectrometer • Summary

  3. High-res., High-momentum Beam Line • High-intensity secondary Pion beam • High-resolution beam: Dp/p~0.1% Exp. Target (FF) Pion Beam Up to 20 GeV/c Collimator Dispersive Focal Point (DFP) Dp/p~0.1% 15kW Loss Target (SM) H. Noumi

  4. High-res., High-momentum Beam Line • High-intensity secondary Pion beam • >1.0 x 107pions/sec @ 20GeV/c • High-resolution beam: Dp/p~0.1% Open a new platform for hadron physics Prod. Angle = 0deg. (Neg.) Prod. Angle = 3.1deg (Pos.) p+ p- K- K+ pbar * Sanford-Wang:15 kW Loss on Pt, Acceptance :1.5 msr%, 133.2 m H. Noumi

  5. http://www-conf.kek.jp/hadron1/j-parc-hm-2013/

  6. http://j-parc-th.kek.jp/workshops/2014/02-10/

  7. Uniqueness of hadron physics studied at HiPBL of J-PARC • The beam energy at J-PARC at 10-20 GeV might be most ideal for studying the hard exclusive processes and discerning the quark-hadron transition in the strong interaction. • Valance-like partonicdegrees of freedom of hadrons could be discerned, compared to the collisions at low-energy regime. • Reasonably large cross sections, compared to the collisions at higher energy.

  8. Constituent-Counting Rule in Hard Exclusive Process Kawamura et al., PRD 88, 034010 (2013)

  9. Selected Physics Processes • Drell-Yan process • Inclusive pion-induced Drell-Yan • Exclusive pion-induced Drell-Yan • Hard exclusive production process • Exclusive pion-N Lambda(1405) production (Sekihara’s talk) • Charm production process • Inclusive pion-induced J/psi production • Exclusive pion-N J/psi production • Exotic charmed baryons (this workshop)

  10. Drell-Yan process

  11. Wigner Distribution Wigner Distribution Ji,PRL91,062001(2003) GPD d2ktdz d3r F.T. Transverse Momentum Dependent PDF Generalized Parton Distr. dx d2kt PDF Form Factors

  12. u valence gluon (x 0.05) d sea (x 0.05) Unpolarized Parton Distributions (CTEQ6)

  13. Is in the proton? = Gottfried Sum Rule

  14. Experimental Measurement of Gottfried Sum S. Kumano, Physics Reports, 303 (1998) 183 New Muon Collaboration (NMC), Phys. Rev. D50 (1994) R1 SG = 0.235 ± 0.026 ( Significantly lower than 1/3 ! )

  15. Light Antiquark Flavor Asymmetry: Drell-Yan Exps • Naïve Assumption: • NMC (Gottfried Sum Rule) • NA51 (Drell-Yan, 1994) NA 51 Drell-Yan confirms d(x) > u(x)  

  16. Light Antiquark Flavor Asymmetry: Drell-Yan Exps • Naïve Assumption: • NMC (Gottfried Sum Rule) • NA51 (Drell-Yan, 1994) • E866/NuSea (Drell-Yan, 1998)

  17.  Origin of u(x)d(x)? • Pauli blocking of valance quarks • Meson cloud in the nucleons (Thomas 1983, Kumano 1991): Sullivan process in DIS. • Chiral quark model(Eichten et al. 1992; Wakamatsu 1992): Goldstone bosons couple to valence quarks.

  18. Momentum Dependence of the Flavor Structure of the Nucleon SeaJ.-C. Peng, W.-C. Chang, H.-Y. Cheng, T.-J. Hou, K.-F. Liu, J.-W. Qiu, arXiv:1401.1705 NMC JR14

  19. Momentum Dependence of the Flavor Structure of the Nucleon SeaJ.-C. Peng, W.-C. Chang, H.-Y. Cheng, T.-J. Hou, K.-F. Liu, J.-W. Qiu, arXiv:1401.1705 • Fluctuation of a valence quark into a quark and a highly virtual gluon, • Aquick splitting of the gluon into a quark and antiquark pair • Annihilation or recombination of the quark and the newly produced antiquark into a highly virtual gluon, which is then • Absorbed by the quark.

  20. Extracting d-bar/-ubar From Drell-Yan Scattering Ratio of Drell-Yan cross sections (in leading order—E866 data analysis confirmed in NLO) • Global NLO PDF fits which include E866 cross section ratios agree with E866 results • Fermilab E906/Drell-Yan will extend these measurements and reduce statistical uncertainty. • E906 expects systematic uncertainty to remain at approx. 1% in cross section ratio. “Flavor Structure of the Nucleon Sea” W.-C. Chang and J.-C. Peng, arXiv:1406.1260

  21. A. Accardi et al.Phys. Rev. D 84, 014008 (2011) • Deuteron wave function at short distances (Fermi motion) • Nucleon off-shell effect • Nuclear correction

  22. J.C. Peng

  23. Experimental Setup II: BoNuS RTPC 140 µm beam Helium/DME at 80/20 ratio Fit RTPC points to determine helix of proton trajectory. Momentum determined from track curvature in solenoid field. dE/dx along track in RTPC also provides momentum information. to CLAS BoNuS RTPC n Solenoid Magnet p To BoNuS RTPC M. Eric Christy Moller Catcher

  24. Neutron F2 Structure Function via Spectator TaggingPRL 108, 142001 (2012)

  25. Pion-Induced DY Without OR With Spectator Tagging

  26. Wigner Distribution Wigner Distribution Ji,PRL91,062001(2003) GPD d2ktdz d3r F.T. Transverse Momentum Dependent PDF Generalized Parton Distr. dx d2kt PDF Form Factors

  27. number density Sivers helicity transversity Boer-Mulders Transverse momentum dependent (TMD) PDF three distribution functions are necessary to describe the quark structure of the nucleon at LO in the collinear case taking into account the quark intrinsic transverse momentum kT, At leading order 8 PDFs are needed. “TMDs” nucleon polarization T-odd Sivers function correlation between the transverse spin of the nucleon and the transverse momentum of the quark sensitive to orbital angular momentum quark polarization Boer-Mulders function correlation between the transverse spin and the transverse momentum of the quark in unpol nucleons pretzelosity

  28. Global Analysis of SIDIS from HERMES and COMPASSM. Anselminoet al., Eur.Phys.J.A39:89-100,2009 COMPASS deuteron target HERMES proton target

  29. Sivers Functions from SIDISM. Anselminoet al., Eur.Phys.J.A39:89-100, 2009 u u d d

  30. Sign Change of Sivers & Boer-Mulders FunctionsJ.C. Collins, Phys. Lett. B 536 (2002) 43A.V. Belitsky, X. Ji, F. Yuan, Nucl. Phys. B 656 (2003) 165D. Boer, P.J. Mulders, F. Pijlman, Nucl. Phys. B 667 (2003) 201Z.B. Kang, J.W. Qiu, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 (2009) 172001 Drell-Yan SIDIS • QCD gluon gauge link (Wilson line) in the initial state (DY) vs. final state interactions (SIDIS). • Experimental confirmation of the sign change will be a crucial test of perturbative QCD and TMD physics.

  31. Planned Polarized Drell-Yan Experiments Wolfgang Lorenzon

  32. Key Elements of Polarized DY Exp.:Transversely Polarized NH3 Target Magnet

  33. Theoretical Predictions vs. COMPASS Expected Precision Sivers Boer-Mulders Sivers Boer-Mulders BMtransv BMPretze. BMPretze. BMtransv

  34. number density Sivers helicity transversity Boer-Mulders Transverse momentum dependent (TMD) PDF three distribution functions are necessary to describe the quark structure of the nucleon at LO in the collinear case taking into account the quark intrinsic transverse momentum kT, At leading order 8 PDFs are needed. “TMDs” nucleon polarization T-odd Sivers function correlation between the transverse spin of the nucleon and the transverse momentum of the quark sensitive to orbital angular momentum quark polarization Boer-Mulders function correlation between the transverse spin and the transverse momentum of the quark in unpol nucleons pretzelosity

  35. Angular Distribution of Lepton Pair Collins-Soper Frame

  36. Lam and Tung (PRD 18, 2447, (1978))Lam-Tung Relation

  37. E615 (PRD 39, 92 (1989)) Violation of LT Relation in -induced Drell-Yan Process

  38. D. Boer

  39. D. Boer

  40. Boer (PRD 60, 014012 (1999))Hadronic Effect, Boer-Mulders Functions

  41. E866 (PRL 99 (2007) 082301) Azimuthal cos2Φ Distribution of DY events in pd ν(π-Wµ+µ-X)~ [valence h1┴(π)] * [valence h1┴(p)] ν(pdµ+µ-X) ~ [valence h1┴(p)] * [sea h1┴(p)] Sea-quark BM functions are much smaller than valence quarks

  42. Boer-Mulders functions from unpolarizedpD and pp Drell-Yan • Z. Lu and I. Schmidt, • PRD 81, 034023 (2010) • V. Barone et al., • PRD 82, 114025 (2010) Sign of BM functions and their flavor dependence?

  43. Flavor separation of the Boer–Mulders functionZ. Lu et al. (PLB 639 (2006) 494) Large Nc limit MIT Bag Model Spectator Model Deuterium target

  44. Wigner Distribution Wigner Distribution Ji,PRL91,062001(2003) GPD d2ktdz d3r F.T. Transverse Momentum Dependent PDF Generalized Parton Distr. dx d2kt PDF Form Factors

  45. x+x x-x P P’ GPDs t Generalized Parton Distribution (GPD) Ji’s sum rule

  46. Spacelike vs. Timelike ProcessesMuller et al., PRD 86 031502(R) (2012) Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering Timelike Compton Scattering

  47. Spacelikevs. TimelikeProcessesMuller et al., PRD 86 031502(R) (2012) Deeply Virtual Meson Production Exclusive Meson-induced DY

  48. N+-N(PLB 523 (2001) 265)

  49. N+-N(PLB 523 (2001) 265)

  50. Pion-pole Dominance