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Understanding Momentum and Fluid Dynamics in Collision Dynamics Experiments

Explore the concept of momentum as Sir Isaac Newton defined it, studying how solid objects in motion possess a quality determined by their mass and velocity, affecting collisions with other objects. Understand the equations F=ma, V=Vo+at, and F=ρQ(V2-V1) in analyzing the effects of force and velocity vectors in the same direction. Learn how momentum requires force to change a fluid's direction or velocity, utilizing calculations like the Bernoulli Equation and F=ρQV1(1-Cosθ) in experimental designs. Investigate data on nozzle diameter, target, height of target above nozzle, flow rate, and weight-force, to determine variables like V1 and momentum calculations. Finally, compare experimental and theoretical slopes to draw conclusions on different target shapes' responses to fluid dynamics.

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Understanding Momentum and Fluid Dynamics in Collision Dynamics Experiments

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Momentum • Sir Isaac Newton • Solid object in motion possesses a quality • Determined by object’s mass and velocity • Affects collisions with another object

  2. Momentum • F = ma • V = Vo + at • F = ρ Q (V2 – V1) • Force & velocity are vectors: must act in the same direction. Establish reference directions

  3. Momentum • Requires force to change direction and/or velocity of a fluid

  4. Calculations • Bernoulli Equation • V12 = Vn2 – 2gh • F =ρ Q V1( 1 – Cos )

  5. Data • Nozzle diameter • Target • Height of target above nozzle • Flow rate • Weight - force

  6. Results • V1 • Convert Q from gpm • Momentum - ρQ V1 • Slope of F vs ρQ V1 • Plot slopes of four conditions

  7. Conclusions • Compare experimental slopes to theoretical slopes • Plane target – 1.0 • Concave (135o) target – 1.7071 • 45o target – 0.2929

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