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Exploring Sensory Mechanisms and Color Vision in Biological Psychology

This overview examines key areas in biological psychology, focusing on taste receptors, the action potential in neurons, and theories of color vision. We explore how taste is influenced by substances like gymnema sylvestre, which block sweet tastes and carbohydrate absorption. Additionally, the action potential's speed is discussed, along with vision theories such as Young-Helmholtz (trichromatic) and opponent-process theory. These theories explain color perception, including afterimages and color constancy.

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Exploring Sensory Mechanisms and Color Vision in Biological Psychology

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  1. Please Doeat the candy or drink the tea! NOT Wait for the instructions.

  2. Biological Psychology:Mechanisms James Kalat N. C. State University

  3. 1. Taste Receptors:sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami • Tea made from leaves of gymnema sylvestre block sweet tastes. (Also block intestinal absorption of carbohydrates.)

  4. 2. Neurons and the Action Potential • No loss of intensity as action potential travels • Can be relatively slow. • Demonstration of action potential speed

  5. Velocity of Action Potential =Mean distance from ankle to shoulder/mean difference in response latency =About 1.5 meters/ ______ =

  6. Correct reference: • Rozin, P., & Jonides, J. (1977). Teaching of Psychology, 4, 91-94.

  7. Vision How far can an ant see?

  8. 3. Color Vision Young-Helmholtz theory (=trichromatic theory)

  9. Color Vision Opponent-process theory

  10. Rods and cones: • Cones in fovea (center); rods more common toward periphery • Cones for color; rods for b/w • Therefore: Colorblind in periphery. Demonstration

  11. Opponent process theory of color vision:We perceive by three pairs of opposites: • Red versus green • Yellow versus blue • White versus black • Evidence: Negative afterimages

  12. Retinex theory of color vision • We perceive color and brightness by contrasting each image with the rest of the scene. • Combine retina and cortex. • Produces color constancy: Same color despite changes in lighting.

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