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Learn about isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions in relation to cell volume changes. Discover how different concentrations affect osmotic pressure.
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Tonicity • Solutions that have the same total concentration of osmotically active solutes and the same osmotic pressure as plasma* are said to be isotonic * In the body plasma has osmolarity of 0.28 Osm (280 mOsm)
Effect of isotonic solution on cell volume 280 mOsm/L solution Cell ISOTONIC No change
Tonicity • Solutions that have a lower total concentration of osmotically active solutes and a lower osmotic pressure than plasma are said to be hypotonic
Effect of hypotonic solution on cell volume 200 mOsm/L solution Cell HYPOTONIC Cell swells
Tonicity • Solutions that have a higher total concentration of osmotically active solutes and a higher osmotic pressure than plasma are said to be hypertonic
Effect of hypertonic solution on cell volume 360 mOsm/L solution Cell HYPERTONIC Cell shrinks