1 / 43

SYMPTOMS

SYMPTOMS. Symptomatology. imaging. What ’ s the bad? DiscomfortFever? Headache? Dyspnea? Chest pain? …… symptoms. Doctor,I feel bad!. Symptom: Subjective disturbances that arise from diseases. . Symptoms . General symptoms Respiratory system Circulatory system

ellie
Télécharger la présentation

SYMPTOMS

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. SYMPTOMS

  2. Symptomatology • imaging What’s the bad? DiscomfortFever? Headache? Dyspnea? Chest pain? …… symptoms Doctor,I feel bad!

  3. Symptom: Subjective disturbances that arise from diseases.

  4. Symptoms • General symptoms • Respiratory system • Circulatory system • Digestive system • Kidney and urinary system • Hematologic system • Endocrine system

  5. General Symptoms • Fever • Edema • Fatigue • Weight reduction • 。。。。

  6. Fever • Upward shift of temperature. • Normal body temperature: • Axilla,rectal,oral

  7. Fever • How it happens?

  8. Etiology • Infective fever • Viruses,bacteria,fungi,parasite

  9. Non-infective fever • Connective tissue disorders • Hypersensitive reaction • Endocrinologic disease • Neoplasms • Hemorrhage or thromboembolic disease • Central fever • Others

  10. Physiology: • Activity,ovulation,smoking,…… • In the morning,elder,……

  11. Clinical manifestation • Low:37.4-38℃ • Middle:38.1-39℃ • High:39.1-41℃ • Excessively high:＞41℃

  12. Fever type • Type of temperature curve 1. Continuous fever T 39-40℃ continue for days and fluctuation ＜1℃

  13. 2. Remittent Fever Fever continue for days, fluctuation ＞2℃,does not fall to normal. & Rheumatic fever

  14. 3. Intermittent (Periodic )Fever T rises for several hrs and fall to normal or below & Malaria

  15. 4.Undulant fever • T rises last for 7-14 days and falling to normal,recurring over weeks or months. • & Brucella infection

  16. 5.Relapsing fever • T rises abruptly for days and falls abruptly to normal. • & Lymphoma

  17. 6.Irregular fever Irregular curve & Bronchopneumonia

  18. Fever • Accompany symptoms • Rigor or shivering attack • Rash • Tachycadia • Splenomegaly or lymphadenopathy • Facial feature

  19. Inquiry??? • Fever of unknown origin, FUO

  20. Edema • Defination: Excessive collection of fluid in the interstitial space.

  21. Mechanism of edema • Hydrostatic pressure • Oncotic pressure • Disrupted capillary permeability

  22. Etiology • Localized edema • & Deep vein thrombophlebitis

  23. Generalized edema • Congestive heart failure • Liver disease • Kidney • Idiopathic

  24. 心原性水肿与肾原性水肿的鉴别 　　 　肾原性水肿 心原性水肿 • ──── —————————————————————— • 开始部位 从眼睑、颜面开始 从足部开始 • 发展快慢 发展常迅速　 　 发展较缓慢 • 水肿性质 　软而移动性大 比较坚实 移动性较小 • 伴随病征 　伴有其他肾脏病病征 伴有心功能不全病征 • (高血压、蛋白尿、血尿、管型) 心脏增大、心杂音、肝肿大 • ——————————————————

  25. 水肿的诊断 • 1.是否水肿 • 2.全身性or局限性 • 3.压陷性or非压陷性 • 4.炎症性or非炎症性 • 5.水肿的程度

  26. Pulmonary system • Cough and expectoration • Wheezing • Hemoptysis • Cyanosis • Dyspnea • Chest pain

  27. Cough • The most commom symptom of lung disease • The cough reflex is a normal defense mechanism of lungs that protects them from foreign bodies and excessive secretions. • Coughing may be voluntary or involuntary, productive or nonproductive. • Smoking :the most common cause of the chronic caugh • Coughing may be psychogenic

  28. Expectoration(sputum production) • Normally approximately 75-100ml of sputum is secreted by the bronchi daily • An increase in the quantity of sputum production: early manifestation of bronchitis • Sputum should be described according to color, consistency, quantity, number of times daily, and the presence of blood. • Mucoid and purulent

  29. Dyspnea • Subjective sensation of shortness of breath • Important manifestation of cardiopulmonary disease

  30. Acute dyspnea • Pulmonary diseases: pneumonia, asthma, pulmonary embolus, spontaneous pneumothorax • Cardiopumonary edema • Acute hyperventilation syndrome is a relatively frequent neuropsychiatric cause of dyspnea

  31. Chronic dyspnea • Chronic obstructive airway disease • Chronic bronchitis,… • Restrictive lung disease • Interstitial lung disease,… • Nonpulmonary disease • Congestive heart failure • Anemia • Hyperthyroidism • …

  32. Some types of dyspnea • Exertional dyspnea • Acute pulmonary edema • Orthopnea • Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea • Cardiac asthma

  33. Hemoptysis • It is the expectoration of blood or bloody sputum. • The most common cause: • Bronchitis,bronchiectasis and bronchogenic carcinoma

  34. Differentiation of hemoptysis and hematemesis -------------------------------------------------------------- hemoptysis hematemesis -------- ------------------------------------------------------ History respiratory disease indigestion Presymptoms cough nausea Color bright red dark red or brown Contents alveolar macrophages food particle pH high low Hematochezia (-) (+) Postproduction stained for days no Confirmed by bronchoscopy gastroscopy ----------------------------------------------------------------------

  35. Hemoptysis • Accompany findings • Fever • Chest pain • Cough • Purulent sputum • Skin or mucosal hemorrhage • LHF？

  36. Cyanosis • A bluish color of the skin and mucous membranes

  37. Central cyanosis: • It results from arterial hypoxemia caused by right-to-left cardiac shunt,pulmonary arteriovenous fistula,or acute or chronic pulmonary disease. • Peripheral cyanosis: • It is caused by stagnant circulation through the peripheral vascular bed.

  38. Cardiovascular system • Palpitation • Chest pain • Dyspnea • Cyanosis • Fatigue • Syncope

  39. Chest pain • A common symptom of many diseases • Different causes of chest pain • Pulmonary disease • Pheumothorax,pneumomia,pulmonary embolism, • Musculoskeletal disease • Rib fracture,osteoarthritis,herpes zoster • Esophageal and other gastrointestinal disease • esophagitis,esophageal spasm

  40. Chest pain • Cardiovascular disease • Angina pectoris • Acute myocardial infarction • Pericarditis • Dissecting hematoma of the aorta • The most important symptom of cardiac disease • Angina pectoris is the true symptom of CHD.

  41. Always ask the patient what they were doing when the pain came on. Chest pain • Angina for example • Onset:typically builds up over a few minutes,and may be brought on by exercise, emotion, or cold weather • Duraton:2 to 10 minutes • Site and radiation: retrosternal pain, often radiates to the left shoulder or arms especially • Intensity: moderate

  42. Chest pain • Progression:resolves on resting or with sublingual nitroglycerin • Associated symptoms:dispnea • risk factors:smoking,family history,diabetes,hypertension, • Examination • Electrocardiogram(ECG) • Chest x-ray

  43. Thanks for your attention!

More Related