Introducing

1. Introducing

2. Ecology the study of the relationships between biotic and abiotic factors in environments Eco- prefix- means home -ology suffix- means study of

3. Ecosystem Includes all of the living things and the environment in which they live includes all abiotic and biotic factors Biotic Factors Abiotic Factors the living parts of an ecosystem the nonliving parts of an ecosystem

4. Biotic Factors include plants, animals, fungi, microorganisms bio(s), bio(t) (G) root life

5. Examples of Biotic Factors

6. Abiotic Factors include air, water, soil, temperature, wind, source of energy (usually sun) a, an (G) prefix not, without

7. Examples of Abiotic Factors

8. Biotic Factors Abiotic Factors

9. water sunlight soil rocks weather frost predators prey carnivores rainfall climate algae trees fungi parasites air temperature plants sand

10. Biotic Factors Abiotic Factors water rocks predators weather parasites climate plants air trees sand prey temperature rainfall algae carnivores frost sunlight fungi soil

11. Examples of Ecosystems Coral Reef in Belize Mountains in Colorado Arizona Desert

12. biome ecosystem community population organism organ system organ tissue Levels of Organization smallest unit of living things large region with typical plants and animals that includes several ecosystems group of different kinds of tissues working together group of organs working together all living and nonliving things interacting within a certain area all organisms of the same kind living in one area all interacting populations in an ecosystem one individual living thing group of similar cells organized to work together cell

13. Consider the food chain. What would happen to the snake population if many of the grasshoppers were killed by insecticide. • Explain.

14. Using the following organisms, create TWO food chains and interconnect them to make a food web. Then label producers and consumers, as well as type of consumer (herbivore, etc.) and predators/prey. • Owl Weasel • Mouse Grass • Snake Rabbit • Grasshopper

15. Owl Consumer Carnivore Predator Snake Consumer Carnivore Owl’s Prey Predator Weasel Consumer Carnivore Owl’s Prey Predator Grasshopper Consumer Herbivore Snake and Weasel Prey Rabbit Consumer Herbivore Snake and Weasel Prey Mouse Herbivore Snake and Weasel Prey Grass Producer

16. Bell Work: • Identify biotic and abiotic factors in an ecosystem. • Identify relationships between organisms in an ecosystem. • Evaluate how biotic and abiotic factors influence each other in an ecosystem.

17. What kind of graph is this? • What is on the vertical axis? • What is on the horizontal axis? • What is the title of the graph? • At what age did Russell reach 6’?

18. 6. What is the difference between the percent of people who used Firefox and Android in October of 2011?

19. 7.The amount of ice cream sold decreases after what month?

20. What is a biome? • Large areas on the planet that have have distinctive plants and animals living there that are adapted to the environment and climate of that biome.

21. What is “adapted”? • It means that the plants and animals have developed (over time) special characteristics that allow them to survive and be successful in their environment.

22. North American Biomes Activity • Color the biomes of North America on the map according to the directions on the opposite side of the page. • Answer the questions. • Colors you will need at your table: • Light blue Dark blue • Orange Purple • Light green Yellow • Dark green Brown • Pink Red

23. A food web is made of interconnected food chains. Tell the relationship between the following words. • Food web and food chain • Consumer and food web • Ecosystem and food web • Consumer and herbivore • Biotic and ecosystem Consumers are animals that eat other animals in a food web. Food webs show feeding relationships in an ecosystem. An herbivore is a consumer that eats only plants. Ecosystems contain biotic (living) factors

24. Finish coloring map (Use my map). • Color key (use directions on front of page to do this). • Answer questions. • Turn in.

25. Biomes Project • Tundra Biome Savanna Biome • Desert Biome Temperate Deciduous • Taiga Biome Forest Biome • Tropical Rainforest Biome • Chaparral Biome Wetland Biome • Coral Reef Biome Temperate Rainforest • Freshwater Biome Biome • Grassland Biome Estuary Biome • Ocean Biome Coastal Ocean Biome

26. Ecosystems do not necessarily have clear boundaries due to biotic and abiotic changes can change daily as things move from one ecosystem to another Biotic Abiotic migration, seed dispersal flood, erosion, drought

27. Biotic Factors interact with each other in complex ways • Symbiotic relationships: • Parasitism • Mutualism • Competition such as also interact with abiotic factors in the ecosystem dependent upon water, minerals, temperature, light

28. Biotic Factor Interactions:Symbiotic Relationships • Parasitism: one organism benefits (the parasite), while the other is harmed (host)

29. Biotic Factor Interactions:Symbiotic Relationships • Commensalism: one organism is benefits while the other is not affected

30. Biotic Factor Interactions:Symbiotic Relationships • Mutualism: both organisms in the relationship benefit

33. Biome a major regional or global biotic community, a super ecosystem, defined chiefly by the dominant forms of plant life and the prevailing climate

34. Major Biomes of the World desert grassland tropical rain forest deciduous forest coniferous forest tundra ocean

35. What is the smallest level of organization of living things?

36. Habitats and Niches • Within an ecosystem, organisms occupy habitats and niches. • What are these and what is the difference between these?

37. Habitat • A location in the environment where an organism can grow and survive • Includes all of the physical and biological resources available to a species

38. Niche • Refers to the way an organism fits into and survives in its ecosystem • Includes not only where it lives but what it does in its environment • No two species occupy exactly the same niche • Niche is determined by physical characteristics of organism, its behavior, how it reproduces, etc.

39. Clown fish • Clown fish are small in size; the smallest is 10 cm and largest is 18 cm long, and they don't believe in traveling too far, as compared to whales, dolphins or sharks, in search of whatever awaits in the distant places. It can be found in the shallow waters, especially in the regions, where the water temperature is in range of 24 to 28 degree Centigrade, and the sloping sea bed boosts the growth of corals. • The shallow water allows the sunlight to reach the seabed and thus, promotes growth of the zooplankton, which are tiny animals. The presence of the zooplankton invites copepods and isopods which are scavengers by nature. The clown fish feed on the copepods, zooplankton, isopods and the algae present in the shallow waters. The lagoons formed because of the coral reefs are sheltered from the rage of the seas and function ideally as the habitat for this fish. • The clown fish prefer the company of sea anemones which inhabits the deep as well as shallow waters. It can be found living in the warmer waters of the Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean • In a group of clown fish, there is a strict dominance hierarchy. The largest and most aggressive female is found at the top. Only two clown fish, a male and a female, in a group reproduce through external fertilization. • Clown fish lay eggs on any flat surface close to their host anemones. In the wild, clownfish spawn around the time of the full moon. Depending on the species, clown fish can lay hundreds or thousands of eggs. The male parent guards the eggs until they hatch about six to ten days later, typically two hours after dusk.

40. Video • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T27fqYzLTjo&index=1&list=PLFHu46X5XFuT4ohkvjR96wE1rMegtq0cD