1 / 24

AP Review #13

AP Review #13. The Union in Peril 1848-1861. Free-soil movement. Wilmot Proviso Did not demand an end to slavery Western land should be kept open to whites No competition with free black and slaves “Free soil, free labor, free men” Supported public land grants and internal improvements.

elton-pope
Télécharger la présentation

AP Review #13

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. AP Review #13 The Union in Peril 1848-1861

  2. Free-soil movement • Wilmot Proviso • Did not demand an end to slavery • Western land should be kept open to whites • No competition with free black and slaves • “Free soil, free labor, free men” • Supported public land grants and internal improvements

  3. Popular sovereignty • Coined by Lewis Cass, (D) from Michigan • People should determine slavery in a territory

  4. Election of 1848 • (D) Cass – popular sovereignty • Whigs Zachary Taylor – no position on slavery in the territories • Free-Soilers Martin Van Buren • Taylor wins

  5. Compromise of 1850 • Taylor supported CA entering as a free state • Fire eaters talked of secession • Henry Clay proposed: • CA as a free state • Mexican Cession into two territories – Utah and New Mexico open to popular sovereignty • Disputed Texas land given to New Mexico • Ban slave trade in DC but allow slaves to held there • New Fugitive slave law strictly enforced • Clay, Webster, Calhoun, and Seward debate the issue • Taylor dies Fillmore takes over and signs the bill

  6. Stephen A. Douglas • Senator from Illinois helped pass Compromise of 1850 • Wrote Kansas-Nebraska Act • Lincoln-Douglas Debates • Little Giant

  7. Fugitive Slave Law • Most hated part of the Compromise of 1850 • Resisted by antislavery northerners • Law upset both sides severely • Underground Railroad and Harriet Tubman

  8. Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852) • Harriet Beecher Stowe • Showed the cruelty of slavery • Slavery was a monstrosity • “So you’re the little woman who write the book that made this great war.” – Lincoln to Stowe

  9. Hinton Helper • Wrote Impending Crisis of the South • Slavery was economically hurtful to the South

  10. Election of 1852 • (D) Franklin Pierce wins • Supports fugitive slave law

  11. Kansas-Nebraska Act • Douglas wants to build a RR through real estate that he owns • Needs southern support • Proposed that the Nebraska Territory be divided into the Kansas and Nebraska Territories open to popular sovereignty • Violated the Compromise of 1820 • Singed into law in 1854 • Spurred the birth of the Republican party

  12. Know-Nothing Party • Opposed to immigrants • Especially Catholic immigrants

  13. Republican Party • Reaction to the Kansas-Nebraska Act • Free soilers, antislavery Whigs and (D) • Wanted to repeal the K_N Act and the Fugitive Slave Law • Did not want to see slavery spread

  14. Election of 1856 • (R) John C. Freemont • Know-Nothings Millard Fillmore • (D) James Buchanan • Buchanan wins but (R) make a good showing

  15. “Bleeding” Kansas • Pro slavery vs. antislavery settlers • New England Immigrant Aid Society and “Beecher’s Bibles” • Fighting broke out between the two parties • Proslavery “border ruffians”

  16. Pottawatomie Creek Massacre, 1856 • John Brown and his sons attack proslavery settlement and murder five people

  17. Lecompton Constitution, 1857 • Proslavery constitution of Kansas • Approve “with slavery or “with no slavery” • If no slavery, remaining slave holders would get to keep slaves • Allowed slavery either way • Free-soilers rejected it • Passed anyway but later repealed • Douglas does not approve of it

  18. Dred Scott v. Sanford • Scott had no right to sue b/c blacks were not citizens • Congress could not deprive someone of property without due process of law (slaves were property) • Missouri Compromise of 1820 was unconstitutional • All parts of the territory were open to slavery

  19. Lincoln-Douglas Debates, 1858 • Douglas (D) • Lincoln (R) • Running for senate seat • Lincoln spoke of slavery as an evil, but he was not a complete abolitionist • Charged that Douglas was indifferent to slavery • Seven debates

  20. Freeport Doctrine • Part of Lincoln-Douglas Debates • Douglas stated that slavery could not exist in a community if the people voted it down • Community had to enforce the laws, and if they don’t the law essentially doesn’t exist • Repudiated Dred Scott decision

  21. Harpers Ferry Raid, October of 1859 • John Brown tried to arms slaves for a slave revolt • Stormed federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry • Robert E. Lee captures Brown • Hanged and becomes a martyr • South saw it an attempt by the North to incite a slave revolt

  22. Election of 1860 • Lincoln (R) – no slavery in the territories, protective tariff, free land for homesteaders, internal improvement • Douglas and John C. Breckenridge split (D) ticket • Douglas – popular sovereignty and tough fugitive slave law • Breckenridge – unrestricted expansion of slavery and annexation of Cuba • Constitutional Union Party – enforce the Constitution and preserve the Union • Lincoln wins and the South seceded

  23. Secession • SC goes first in December of 1860 • FL, GA, AL, MS, LA, TX followed • Create CSA • Jefferson Davis first president

  24. Crittenden Compromise • Sen. John Crittenden of KY • Last ditch effort to save the Union • Constitutional amendment that would guarantee slavery in all territory south of 36 30 • Lincoln would not accept it the compromise

More Related