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DIRECTORATE FOR ASSISTANCE TO MIGRANTS

DIRECTORATE FOR ASSISTANCE TO MIGRANTS. 1. MISSION :

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DIRECTORATE FOR ASSISTANCE TO MIGRANTS

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  1. DIRECTORATE FOR ASSISTANCE TO MIGRANTS

  2. 1. MISSION: To develop programmes oriented toward preventing irregular migration and to help strengthen policies and strategies ensuring full coordination of the repatriation of Salvadoran nationals, promoting social, productive, and education programmes to enable them to reincorporate into our society and thus, to help create better conditions for citizen security and economic growth. 2.VISION: To be a leading unit within the institution, at a national and international level, developing procedures and programmes to facilitate the expedited, orderly, and safe repatriation of Salvadoran nationals and ensure their reintegration into society.

  3. EL SALVADOR AND MIGRATION • The United States defines an undocumented migrant as every person born outside the United States that is not a legal resident in the country, either having entered in an illegal manner or having stayed for a period that is longer than the period established in the visa. • El Salvador appears as the second source of migrants to the United States: From 430,000 in 2000 to 530,000 in 2009 – a 25% increase and an annual average of 10,000 persons in one decade. • However, Salvadoran migrants account for only 5% of the irregular population in the United States. • The list of the 10 primary countries of origin of migrants to the United States includes Guatemala as the third with 290,000 in 2000 and 480,000 in 2009; Honduras, with 160,000 in 2000 and 320,000 in 2009, and the Philippines with 200,000 in 2000 and 270,000 in 2009. • By region, the total number of migrants from Mexico, Canada, Central America, and the Caribbean was 8.5 million in 2009, followed by 980,000 from Asia and 74,000 from South America, according to “Diario de Hoy” Newspaper – 2010. • California continues to be the favourite state of destination of migrants: 2.6 million migrants live there, accounting for 24% of the total number. However, a reduction in the percentage of migrants living in California has been observed compared to 2000, with a percentage of 30%.

  4. CONDITIONS FAVOURING MIGRATION • Unemployment • Lack of opportunities • Poverty and migration • Migration from rural to urban areas as a result of lack of agricultural productivity • Family disintegration • Domestic violence, causing many women to escape from their aggressor, together with their children • Lack of living alternatives, especially for young persons • Family reunification • The armed conflict forced many persons in productive age to escape from the effects of the conflict • Natural disasters (earthquakes) • Underpaid employment and deplorable working conditions

  5. RISKS AND DIFFICULTIES OF MIGRATION • Risks are different for female migrants than for male migrants. • Disintegration of family bonds. • Abuse of authority, physical mistreatment, sexual abuse, abduction, extortion, humiliations, assault by migrant smugglers and traffickers and from drug cartels. • “While they seek employment to provide for their families, they suffer abuse and, in many cases, even death”. • Boys, girls, adolescents, young adults, and women are victims of the crime of trafficking, under the modes of: organ trafficking, illegal adoption, slavery, forced labour, commercial sexual exploitation, illegal marriage, etc. • Acquiring debts with migrant smugglers named “Coyotes”, loss of property, money, immoveable goods, and others.

  6. FACING THE RETURN TO THE COUNTRY WHERE THEY WERE BORN • Difficulty with the Spanish language, especially those persons who migrated at a very young age. • Weak or inexistent family bonds. • Depending on their age, the lack of possibilities to continue studying or begin studying. • Limited possibilities for incorporating into the labour market, since their experiences are not congruent with the needs and realities in the country. • Difficulty to obtain identity documents, which are required for every procedure. • In some cases, they are rejected or cast out by their families, and this motivates them to migrate again. • Lack of knowledge of their own country – in terms of geography, institutional bureaucracy. • Lack of possibilities to adjust due to high cost of living, salaries that are not appropriate for the work performed (compared to the US). • Stigmatized or labelled as deported persons and a sub-group of society, some have tattoos bot do not belong to gangs. • Some return without legs or arms, are disabled and become a burden to their families.

  7. A project to modernize the Repatriation Unit, currently known as the Directorate for Assistance to Migrants. WHAT ACTIONS HAVE WE IMPLEMENTED SINCE 2009? Before After

  8. Improving assistance to persons returning from Mexico Before After

  9. Assistance to persons returning from the US has been improved. Logistical support is now provided to them: Telephone calls to reach their families, transportation to terminals, one night accommodation, etc.

  10. Awareness-raising processes on irregular migration for persons collaborating with the Directorate of Assistance to Migrants. Addressing the topic with a human rights approach.

  11. IMMEDIATE ASSISTANCE PROVIDED This person received new clothes. His former clothes were stained since he was arrested while he was at work.

  12. A wheelchair was donated to a migrant who was repatriated on May 22, 2011 with a diagnosis of amputation of the left foot due to accident. On May 3, 2011 a girl was received, who voluntarily returned from the US. She survived a fire where her mother and a sister died on December 30, 2010. Reception actions were coordinated with representatives from ISNA, MIRE, and members from the girl’s family.

  13. On August 22, 2011 a man was received. Actions were coordinated with the Ministry of Public Health and Social Assistance, AIES. Diagnosis: schizophrenia. He was admitted to the National Psychiatric Hospital “Doctor José Manuel Molina Martínez”. On September 3, 2011 another man, was received. The Ministry of Public Health assessed Mr Pineda. Diagnosis: Schizophrenia and mental disability.

  14. STATISTICS FOR 2011 OVERVIEW OF REPATRIATION BY LAND, 2011

  15. OVERVIEW OF REPATRIATIONS BY AIR, 2011

  16. PLANS FOR 2012 • To continue with the process of adapting and fitting out the Directorate for Assistance to Migrants to receive repatriated persons from the United States and provide comprehensive assistance to populations returning by land and by air. • To decentralize services for repatriated populations. • To register repatriated populations in the Integrated Immigration System with the aim of generating indicators for decision-making. • To strengthen cooperation between various State institutions involved in the topic of migration: RREE, ISNA, PNC, FGR, etc. • To participate, as appropriate, in the councils that have been established under the Special Law on Migrants and their Families and the National Council Against Trafficking in Persons.

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