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Graduate Lecture Series 29 June – 3 July, 2009 Prof Ngee-Pong Chang

Graduate Lecture Series 29 June – 3 July, 2009 Prof Ngee-Pong Chang. Quantum Physics Underlying Modern Technology. Lecture 1 Quantum Physics Overview. NanoScience.

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Graduate Lecture Series 29 June – 3 July, 2009 Prof Ngee-Pong Chang

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  1. Graduate Lecture Series 29 June – 3 July, 2009 Prof Ngee-Pong Chang Quantum Physics Underlying Modern Technology Lecture 1 Quantum Physics Overview

  2. NanoScience A SCANNING microscope image of platinum-lace nanoballs. Liposomes aggregate, providing a foamlike template for a platinum sheet to grow.

  3. 5 x 5 mm image 50 nm Z scale Nano-scale Tic-Tac-Toe scratched into polycarbonateLine widths are ~ 40 nm

  4. Quantum Dots 10-6 m

  5. Max Planck 1858 - 1947

  6. A plaque at Humboldt University, Berlin, commemorating Max Planck as "discoverer of the elementary quantum of action h," who "taught in this building" from 1889 to 1928

  7. Old-fashioned Fireplace

  8. Progress of Technology: Replacing the real & messy with the clean & convenient Log in the Fireplace Superlog

  9. Blackbody Radiation

  10. λmaxdependence on T

  11. Wien’s Law 1893 1864 - 1928

  12. Rayleigh-Jeans Law 1900 1842 - 1919 1877 - 1046

  13. Birth of Quantum Physics M. Planck, Annalen der Physik, vol 4, 553 (1901) Blackbody Radiation

  14. What is quantized ?

  15. Ideal Blackbody

  16. Standing Waves in a Cavity Polarization vector 2 Polarization states Standing Wave condition

  17. Standing Wave Condition or octant

  18. Average Energy Boltzmann Probability Distribution

  19. Equipartition Theorem Ultraviolet Catastrophe !

  20. Rayleigh-Jeans Law 1900 1842 - 1919 1877 - 1046

  21. Classical Planck Quantization Quantum

  22. Planck Blackbody Radiation Formula

  23. Birth of Quantum Physics M. Planck, Annalen der Physik, vol 4, 553 (1901) Blackbody Radiation

  24. Relation to Wien’s Constant Peak Intensity condition Wien’s Constant

  25. Our Universe as a Blackbody Far Infra-Red Absolute Spectrophotometer 1997 Cosmic Background Radiation

  26. FIRAS DATA 2.7280 ± 0.0001 K BLACKBODY

  27. What is quantized ?

  28. Albert Einstein 1879 - 1955

  29. Einstein’s Photon Hypothesis (1905) Energy Momentum

  30. Niels Bohr 1885 - 1962

  31. Bohr Model of the Atom 1913 Angular Momentum Quantization

  32. Bohr Model of the Atom Angular Momentum Quantization Bohr radius

  33. Bohr Model of the Atom

  34. Compton wavelength of electron Fine Structure Constant Bohr Radius Hydrogen 1s level

  35. rst.gsfc.nasa.gov

  36. Einstein’s Photon Hypothesis Energy Momentum

  37. 1924 Prince Louis-Victor Pierre Raymond de Brőglie (1892 – 1987)

  38. W. Heisenberg 1901 - 1976

  39. Uncertainty Principle

  40. A convenient back-of-the-envelope way to keep track of the energy levels of quantum wells, and quantum dots.

  41. E. Schrődinger 1887 - 1961

  42. Schrődinger Equation Stationary State Time-Independent Schrődinger Equation

  43. Classical Equations of Motion

  44. Ehrenfest Theorem

  45. Average Expectation Values

  46. Paul Ehrenfest 1880 - 1933

  47. Max Born 1882 - 1970

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