Caitlin McCabe 2005

1. Benjamin Franklin Caitlin McCabe 2005

2. Early Life • Born in Massachusetts on January 17, 1706 • From 1716 to 1718 he worked with his father as a chandler making candles and soap

3. Early Life (cont.) • When he was 15 years old he was an apprentice printer for his brother at The New England Courant, the first newspaper in Boston • Around 18 he ran away to Pennsylvania

4. Early Life (cont.) • There he married Deborah Reid in the year of 1730 • In Pennsylvania, after working as an apprentice printer, he opened up his own printing shop

5. Later in life... • In 1729, Franklin bought a newspaper, The Pennsylvania Gazette • In 1733 he started publishing Poor Richard’s Almanac,many of his famous quotes were in this book • Was the most famous American of his day

6. Later in life... (cont.) • In 1753 he is given the Copely Medal of the Royal Society of London for contributions to science • In 1776 he signed the Declaration of Independence as a delegate from Pennsylvania

7. Later in Life… (cont.) • In 1782 he negotiated a Treaty of Peace with England • In 1753 he is given the Copely Medal of the Royal Society of London for his contributions to science • Died in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on April 17, 1790

8. Inventions • Did not patent inventions, he wanted them to be for free use to the public • Turned results into practical inventions

9. The Bifocals • Invented the bifocals (glasses that let you see near and far at the same time) • Did this by cutting two spectacles in half and putting the lenses in frames

10. The Lightning Rod • Invented the lightning rod • Helped ships and buildings not have lightning damage

11. The Long Arm • Invented the long arm • Helped him to reach high spaces as he got older • Made of a wooden pole that had a claw attached to the end that helped grasp things

12. The Odometer • Invented the odometer (ways to keep track of distance)

13. The Glass Armonica • Glass Armonica is a Musical Instrument • Was a musician himself- he played the violin, harp, and guitar • Played by touching edge of a spinning glass with dampened fingers • Mozart and Beethoven used this instrument

14. Franklin Stove • Franklin stove was developed around 1740 • Also called the “Pennsylvania Fireplace” • Equipped the stove with a flue (heat channel) which heats air around it

15. Franklin Stove (cont.) • Made room twice as warm than other stoves • Used only 25% of usual amounts of wood

16. Other Small Inventions • Invented Swim Fins • Credited for Rocking Chair • Age 46- Invented bells called ‘Lightning Bells’ which would jingle when there was lightning in air

17. Electricity and Kite Experiment • Started studying electricity in 1750 • Kite experiment was one of his observations • Did a lightning test in which he tested the idea that lightning would pass through metal

18. Electricity and The Kite Experiment (cont.) • Did this by using a key • To get the key up near the lightning he used a kite • Lightning is a stream of electrified air (or plasma)

19. Electricity and The Kite Experiment (cont.) • Suspected lightning was an electric current in nature • Kite flight took place on June of 1752 • Kite flight led him to develop terms about electricity such as: battery, charge, condenser, electrician, and many more

20. Politics • In the 1750’s he became interested in politics • In 1765 he testified to Parliament against the stamp act

21. Politics (cont.) • Franklin was elected to the Second Continental Congress • At the Second Continental Congress he worked on the Declaration of Independence • In 1778 France signed a Treaty of Alliance with the U.S.

22. Politics (cont.) • In 1789 he wrote an anti-slavery treaty • Mid 1780’s- became president of the Executive Council of Pennsylvania

23. Politics (cont.) • Was a delegate of the Constitution Convention and he signed the Constitution • Was one of our ‘Founding Fathers’

24. Politics (cont.) • Only person that signed all 4 documents which created the United States: The Declaration of Independence (1776)/ The Treaty of Alliance, Amity and Commerce with France (1778)/ Treaty of Peace between England, France, and the U.S. (1782)/ The Constitution (1787)

25. The Political Cartoon • Was the first political cartoon designed by Benjamin Franklin urged colonies to join together during war (French and Indian War and the Seven Years’ War) • Represents 13 colonies

26. Weatherman • Was also a weatherman • Printed weather forecasts in his almanac • Noticed that northeast storms begin in the southwest and travel in opposite directions from their winds

27. Establishments • Established first fire company • Established first fire insurance company

28. Establishments (cont.) • Established and improved these places: mutual insurance companies, volunteer fire departments, hospitals, libraries, agricultural colleges, intellectual societies

29. Establishments (cont.) • In 1731 he launched the Library Company, this was the nations first subscription library • In 1743 he established the American Philosophical Society

30. Establishments (cont.) • Put together the Pennsylvania Hospital • The hospital, library company, and Philosophical society are still in existence

31. Establishments (cont.) • In 1736 he helped organize Philadelphia's Union Fire company • In 1752 he helped establish the Philadelphia Contribution for Insurance Against Loss by Fire

32. Postmaster • Most notable service in domestic politics was reform of the postal system • Appointed postmaster in 1737

33. Shipbuilding and Sailing • One of the very first people to chart the Gulf Stream • Was interested in ocean currents and shipbuilding

34. Shipbuilding and Sailing (cont.) • Suggested the Chinese model of dividing ships’ holdings in water compartments so if one part leaked, it would not spread and sink the rest of the ship

35. Flight • Was very interested in the idea of flight • Predicted balloons would be used for military spy flights and bomb droppings in wars

36. Currency System • Honor his contribution to economy by putting his face on the 100 dollar bill • Used printing skills to print paper money (helped establish system in America)

37. Currency System (cont.) • Believed the only true way to wealth was through hard work- this became the soul of the “American Dream” • The “American Dream” is that all people are created equal and have the same opportunity at success.

38. Quotes • Some famous quotes include: “Well done is better than well said” and “An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure”. • Was called “the harmonious human multitude”

39. Quotes (cont.) • Thomas Jefferson called him “The greatest man and ornament of the age and country in which he lived”.

40. Known for…. • Was famous for being a scientist, inventor, statesmen, printer, philosopher, musician, economist diplomat, businessmen, humorist, civic leader, international celebrity, and a genius

41. All About Me!!! • Hey! My name is Caitlin McCabe and I am in the 7th grade at Hanes Middle School! I swim, play volleyball, and play soccer. My favorite sport is soccer! I play on a classic team for the ‘92 Lady Twins White! We are awesome! I also play the flute in the band! I have a brother and a black lab named Teddy! I also love chocolate!

42. Bibliography • Houston, James H. “Franklin, Benjamin.” World Book Online Reference Center. 2005. World Book, Inc. 2 May 2005. <worldbookonline.com/wb/Article?id=ar209260>. • Streissguth, Tom. Benjamin Franklin. Minneapolis: Lerner Publishing Company, 2005. • “Benjamin Franklin: Glimpses of the Man.” 1994. The Franklin Institute Science Museum. 2 May 2005. <sln.fi.edu/franklin/rotten.html>. • “The Electric Ben Franklin.” USHistory.org. 4 July 1995. Independence Hall Association. 1 May 2005. <www.ushistory.org/franklin/>.