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Understanding the Circulatory System: Heart Function and Blood Flow

Dive into the intricate workings of the circulatory system, focusing on the heart's role as a powerful muscular pump. This guide explores the heart’s structure, including its four chambers, and the pathways of oxygen-poor and oxygen-rich blood. Learn how the sinoatrial (SA) and atrioventricular (AV) nodes regulate the heartbeat and understand the importance of pulmonary and systemic circulation. Discover the primary functions of arteries, veins, and capillaries, and how they contribute to overall body health by delivering oxygen and nutrients while removing toxins.

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Understanding the Circulatory System: Heart Function and Blood Flow

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  1. Sponge #4 • # 1-8 on your paper

  2. Sponge #4 Word Bank: Epiglottis Bronchioles Nose Trachea Alveoli Diaphragm Bronchi Mouth 1 and 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

  3. Nose and mouth epiglottis trachea bronchi bronchioles diaphragm alveoli

  4. Sponge #5 • Think about the muscles in your body: • Do they get tired? • Hurt? • Sore? • Torn? • Now think about your heart. Does it do these things? • Take a few minutes to list everything you know or think you know about your heart.

  5. Homework Create a CIRCLE MAP describing the circulatory system • 3 major functions • The 4 parts and their jobs Circulatory System

  6. Homework Arteries: carry blood away from the heart Brings vital supplies to the cell Transports blood and other materials Veins: transport blood to the heart Regulates body temperature Circulatory System Carries away cell waste Heart: Pumps blood through the body Keep oxygen-poor blood from mixing with oxygen-rich blood Capillaries: get blood to and from cells

  7. Standard • 9.a Students know how the complementary activity of major body systems provides cells with oxygen and nutrients and removes toxic waste products such as carbon dioxide.

  8. KEY CONCEPT The heart is a muscular pump that moves the blood through two pathways.

  9. NORMAL HUMAN HEART The tissues and structures of the heart make it an efficient pump. • Cardiac muscle tissue works continuously without tiring.

  10. Regular heart vs. Enlarged Heart

  11. pulmonary valve aortic valve left atrium right atrium mitral valve left ventricle tricuspid septum right ventricle • Valves in each chamber prevent backflow of blood. • The heart has four chambers: two atria, two ventricles. • Muscles squeeze the chambers in a powerful pumping action.

  12. SA node VA node • The heartbeat consists of two contractions. 1) Sinoatrial (SA) node, or pacemaker, stimulates atria to contract LUB 2) Atrioventricular (AV) node stimulates ventricles to contract DUB Lub-dub Lub-dub Lub-dub

  13. Blood flows through the heart in a specific pathway. • 1. oxygen-poor blood enters right atrium • 2. It pumps into the right ventricle, which pumps blood to lungs • 3. oxygen-rich blood from lungs enters left atrium • 4. It pumps into the left ventricle, which pumps blood to body 3 1 4 2

  14. Aorta Right Atrium Left Atrium Oxygen-poor blood Oxygen-rich blood Left Ventricle Right Ventricle

  15. Sponge #6 • Name the four chambers of the heart • Explain the path of the oxygen-poor blood • Explain the path of the oxygen-rich blood • When the oxygen-poor blood enters the lungs what does it drop off and pick up?

  16. Name the four chambers of the heart • Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle • Explain the path of the oxygen-poor blood • Enters the right atrium from the body, to right ventricle, to the lungs • Explain the path of the oxygen-rich blood • Enters from the lungs into the left atrium, to the left ventricle, and out to the body through the aorta • When the oxygen-poor blood enters the lungs what does it drop off and pick up? • Drops off carbon dioxide and water vapor and picks up oxygen

  17. The heart pumps blood through two main pathways. • Pulmonary circulation occurs between the heart and the lungs. • oxygen-poor blood enters lungs • excess carbon dioxide and waterexpelled (exhale) • blood picks up oxygen (inhale) • oxygen-rich blood returns to heart

  18. Systemic circulation occurs between the heart and the rest of the body. • oxygen-rich blood goes to organs, extremities (arms/legs) • oxygen-poor blood returns to heart

  19. The two pathways help maintain a stable body temperature.

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