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Acids and Bases: Properties, Testing, and pH Scale

Learn about acids and bases, their properties, how to test for them using litmus paper and universal indicator, and how to measure their strength on the pH scale. Discover common acids and bases and their elements. Explore the reaction between acids and bases.

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Acids and Bases: Properties, Testing, and pH Scale

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  1. Lesson: Acids and Bases

  2. All acids have a sour taste. Carbonic acid Citric acid

  3. Some acids are corrosive. What elements are contained in these acids? Sulfuric acid. Hydrochloric acid. (H2SO4) (HCl)

  4. Which hazard symbol represents corrosive? A B C

  5. How would we test for an acid? Try some experiments. Use litmus paper. What did you find out? red. Acids turn blue litmus paper ____

  6. Bases are the opposite of acids. Toothpaste Soap Cleaning agents

  7. Strong bases include: Sodium hydroxide Calcium hydroxide (NaOH) Ca(OH)2 What elements are contained in these bases?

  8. Strong bases include: NON-CORROSIVE Sodium hydroxide is also called caustic soda because it is corrosive. Calcium hydroxide is also called limewater.

  9. Bases that dissolve in water are called: Alkalis So ______ are bases soluble in water. alkalis

  10. How would we test for a base or an alkali? Try some experiments. Use litmus paper. What did you find out? blue Alkali turn red litmus paper ____.

  11. The strength of acids and bases can be measured on a pH scale. Each colour represents a number on the pH scale. Weak base Strong acid Strong base Weak acid 1 3 5 7 9 11 12 14 pH 7 is neutral.It is not an acid or a base.

  12. Each colour represents a number on the pH scale. Weak base Strong acid Strong base Weak acid 1 3 5 7 9 11 12 14 pH 7 is neutral.It is not an acid or a base. We can measure pH using universal indicator.

  13. Each colour represents a number on the pH scale. Weak base Strong acid Strong base Weak acid 1 3 5 7 9 11 12 14 Now, use universal indicator to find the pH of some substances.

  14. 1 3 5 7 9 11 12 14 Review Questions 1. What acid is found in your stomach? 2. Which pH is neutral? 3. What would you use to measure pH?

  15. Question to think about! What happens when you add an acid to a base?

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