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Historical and Modern Male Contraceptives: An Overview of Methods and Perspectives

This article explores the evolution of male contraceptives from ancient Egypt’s linen sheaths to modern-day condoms and vasectomies. It highlights the historical practices, such as the use of animal intestines and various natural extracts, and discusses landmark developments like the introduction of rubber and the impact of the Comstock Laws. We examine current contraceptive methods, their effectiveness, and societal opposition, particularly from the Catholic Church. Additionally, we pose questions about trust in partners and shared responsibility in contraception.

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Historical and Modern Male Contraceptives: An Overview of Methods and Perspectives

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  1. Male Contraceptives Danielle K Alysa W Jared A

  2. Past- Condoms • Egytptians- 1000 B.C. • linen sheath- protection against disease • Combarelles, France- 100-200 A.D. • Cave paintings • 16th Century • Syphilis epidemic- first pubished record of condom in Europe • Linen Cloth soaked in chemical solutions.

  3. Past- Condoms Cont… • 17th and 18th Century • Made from animal intestines • Discovery of Rubber Vulcanization- Goodyear • Made condoms easy to produce quickly, cheap • 19th Century and Beyond • Julius Fromm- New process • 1930- 15 large makers of condoms, producing 1.5 million condoms a day

  4. Regulation of Contraception • Comstock Laws of 1873 • Illegal to talk, distribute info about contraception. • Five years in prison • $2000 fine • Roe Vs. Wade

  5. Earlier Methods • Heat Method • Leaves men temporarily infertile • Suspensories- underwear • Oils and Other Extracts • Neem Tree Oil • Spermicidal oil • Found in Indian Subcontinent • Eugenia Jambolana Tree • Extract from the flowers, • Found in southern parts of Africa

  6. Earlier Methods Cont… • TripterygiumWilfordii- Thundergod Vine • Men taking have low sperm density. • Leaves sperm weak and unable to swim • The Hemp seed • Decrease spermatogenesis by 50% • Derived from fiber Cannabis genus, recreation drug marijuana.

  7. Current Methods • Condoms • Pros • Prevent STD’s • 86-97% effective against pregnancy • Gives male active role in contraception • Cons • Claims are that it detracts from sensation • Interrupts lovemaking

  8. Opposition • The Catholic Church • “The use of condoms goes against human dignity. Condoms change the beautiful act of love into a selfish search for pleasure-while rejecting responsibility.” (Alsan, 2006) • However, more recently acknowledged the use of condoms for protection against HIV/STDs.

  9. Current Methods Continued • Vasectomy • Pros • Much safer than tubal ligation • Takes minutes to complete • No change in libido (contrary to popular belief) • 99% effective • Cons • Considered permanent • Doesn’t protect against STDs

  10. Movie • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OejEqdc_ITA

  11. The Pill • Nifediphine • Originally used to controlled blood pressure • The “Bright” pill • decrease the potency of sperm • Adjudin • Stops production of spermatogenesis

  12. Injections • Reversible inhibition of sperm under guidance (RISUG) • Reversible, most promising

  13. Discussion • What are your thoughts? • Do you/would you use any of the new forms? Would you want the option? • Would you trust your partner that they are on the birth control? • Do you think it is the male’s responsibility?

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