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Chemistry of Firefighting & Composites

Chemistry of Firefighting & Composites. Julia, Nina, and Nicole. The Chemistry of Firefighting. 20,000 people die in uncontrolled fires in North America each year

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Chemistry of Firefighting & Composites

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  1. Chemistry of Firefighting & Composites Julia, Nina, and Nicole

  2. The Chemistry of Firefighting • 20,000 people die in uncontrolled fires in North America each year • Firefighters in the U.S. were called out on 362,500 house fires in 2009, which caused 12,650 injuries, 2,565 fatalities and $7.6 billion in property damage • People need to know how to put out these fires properly • There are 3 ways to extinguish a fire: • Cooling the fuel • Cutting off the supply of oxygen • Trapping the combustion intermediates

  3. The Chemistry of Firefighting Cont. • Class A Fire- A fire in which the fuel is a solid • Class B Fire- A fire in which the burning material is a liquid or gas • Class C Fire- A fire involving an electrical current • Class D Fire- A fire in which a metal is burning

  4. Cutting off the Oxygen Supply 2NaHCO₃(s) + heat Na₂CO₃(s) + H₂O (g) + CO₂ (g)

  5. Halons • Halons- a class of fire extinguishing agents that are used in automatic sprinkling systems to protect sensitive electronic equipment • Used in computers and aircraft fire extinguishers • Puts out fire quickly leaving no residue

  6. What class of fire is a tree when it’s burning, and how do you put it out? Class A, Water

  7. Composites • Composites are made by embedding fibers in a plastic base (these fibers include glass, graphite, or synthetic fabrics like nylon) • They are less dense than metals • They are non-corrosive • They absorb vibrations well • Made up of two or more materials

  8. Benefits/Uses of Composites • Weigh less • Cars made of composites use less fuel • They are stronger and more protective • Composite cars are quieter and smoother riding • They do not rust

  9. Fiberglass and Lumber • Fiberglass was one of the first composites to be manufactured • Lumber is the newest composite being manufactured • It can be cut and nailed • It is stronger than real wood

  10. Name 3 Benefits of Using Composites • Saves money • Not heavy • Stronger/safer

  11. Homework • What are 5 composites in your house? • Classify these fires: • A wooden picture frame • Grease fire • A metal pole • A telephone wire • If there is a kitchen fire with your gas stove why shouldn’t you cool the fire by pouring water on it?

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