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The Anglo-Saxons: A Rich Tapestry of History, Culture, and Legend

Explore the profound impact of the Anglo-Saxons (449-1066) on British and American culture. From Stonehenge's mystical significance to the legendary tales of Robin Hood and Shakespeare, these early inhabitants shaped laws, language, and societal values. Discover the influence of Celtic mythology, the legacy of King Alfred, and the vibrant roles of women in society. Delve into the treasures of Sutton Hoo and the artistry of Anglo-Saxon culture. Uncover how Christianity transformed beliefs and how the Anglo-Saxons preserved their heroic narratives through poetry and storytelling.

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The Anglo-Saxons: A Rich Tapestry of History, Culture, and Legend

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  1. The Anglo-Saxons (449-1066)

  2. Magical island filled with legendary places and people: Stonehenge, Robin Hood, Shakespeare, Influences: The Industrial Revolution, popular culture, language. English common law-emphasized personal freedom and rights. America-influenced by British parliament, laws, government, and language. Great Britain/The United Kingdom

  3. Celts- a sub group of the Brythons (Britons); Animism=their religion. Saw spirits in all of nature. Priests=Druids/Stonehenge-lunar and solar cycles. Celtic Mythology-influenced Arthurian legends/poets. Celtic Stories: full of strong women, magical animals, love affairs, adventures. Invaders of Great Britain:

  4. Romans: (55 B.C.-409 A.D.) • Came under Caesar-Claudius • Great administrators. • Built roads, baths, Hadrian’s Wall-73 mi., aqueducts • Brought Christianity/Celtic religion died

  5. Anglo-Saxons • Came from Germany and Denmark via the North Sea • Brought their language=“Engla Land” • King Alfred-Wessex (871-899) A.D.-unified A/S tribes, fought the pagan Danes, published the first history of England-TheAnglo-Saxon Chronicles (900-1066).

  6. Women in Anglo-Saxon Culture: • Could inherit property from husbands/fathers • Some became abbesses-ran convents and were educated. • Hilda of Whitby Abbey was one of these.

  7. Sutton Hoo Treasure (found in 1939) Suffolk, England • What was it?- A Viking treasure ship/grave filled with gold, silver, and bronze artwork and jewelry from the Anglo-Saxons. • Treasures show artistry of the A/S culture. • Warlike society/Values included: law and order,loyalty to a clan leader, success-judged via gifts from a leader, and community discussion/consensus.

  8. Dark, fatalistic Warrior gods-Norse mythology: Odin-death, poetry, and magic- “Woden” Thor-Thunder, lightning, hammer or swastikam “Thor’s Day” Dragon-Protector of treasure, guardian of the grave mound. Values: Bravery, loyalty, generosity, and friendship Anglo-Saxon Religion:

  9. Bards/Scops in A/S Society: • Poets as important as warriors • Sang in mead halls of heroes and gods • Accompanied by a harp told of heroic tales • Poems stressed transience of life • Preserved the culture of the tribe • Only fame/poetry could preserve memory

  10. Influence of Monasteries: • Augustine Christianized Britain- 597A.D. • Supplied hope in a dark time of history • Centers of learning-Scriptorium=writing room where monks worked • Recorded/preserved great written works such as Beowulf from oral tradition • Monks wrote in the vernacular, later Latin

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