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FIRE PREVENTION

FIRE PREVENTION. Types of Fire Extinguishers: Class A : These extinguishers fight ordinary combustibles such as burning wood, cloth, paper, rubber, upholstery, and plastics. Class B : These fight flammable liquids, gases and greases such as oils, paints, and gasoline.

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FIRE PREVENTION

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  1. FIRE PREVENTION

  2. Types of Fire Extinguishers: Class A: These extinguishers fight ordinary combustibles such as burning wood, cloth, paper, rubber, upholstery, and plastics. Class B: These fight flammable liquids, gases and greases such as oils, paints, and gasoline.

  3. Class C: These fight energized electrical fires such as burning wires, fuse boxes, circuit breakers, machinery, and appliances. Class D: Used on fires caused by combustible metals such as magnesium, sodium, potassium and aluminum. The extinguisher must match the type of metal that is burning to be effective. Class K: Used for kitchen fires.

  4. Some fires may be a combination of these! Your fire extinguishers should have ABC ratings on them. These ratings are determined under ANSI/UL Standard 711 and look something like "3-A:40-B:C". Higher numbers mean more firefighting power. In this example, the extinguisher has a good firefighting capacity for Class A, B and C fires.

  5. Here are some typical extinguishers and their uses: • Water extinguishers are suitable for class A (paper, wood etc.) fires, but not for class B, C and D fires such as burning liquids, electrical fires or reactive metal fires. In these cases, the flames will be spread or the hazard made greater!

  6. Dry chemical extinguishers are useful for class ABC fires and are your best all around choice. They have an advantage over CO2 extinguishers in that they leave a blanket of non-flammable material on the extinguished material which reduces the likelihood of reigniting.

  7. CO2 (carbon dioxide) extinguishers are for class B and C fires. They don't work very well on class A fires because the material usually reignites. CO2 extinguishers have an advantage over dry chemical in that they leave behind no harmful residue. That makes carbon dioxide (or Halotron I) a good choice for an electrical fire involving a computer or other delicate instrument. Note that CO2 is a bad choice for a flammable metal fires such as Grignard reagents, alkyllithiums and sodium metal because CO2 reacts with these materials. CO2 extinguishers are not approved for class D fires!

  8. Metal/Sand Extinguishers are for flammable metals (class D fires) and work by simply smothering the fire with powdered copper metal or sodium chloride. You should have an approved class D unit if you are working with flammable metals. • The copper extinguishing agent is preferred for fires involving lithium and lithium alloys. It is the only known lithium fire fighting agent which will cling to a vertical surface thus making it the preferred agent on three dimensional and flowing fires.

  9. Sodium chloride works well for metal fires involving magnesium, sodium (spills and in depth), potassium, sodium potassium alloys, uranium and powdered aluminum. Heat from the fire causes the agent to cake and form a crust that excludes air and dissipates heat.

  10. Pull, Aim,Squeeze, andSweep

  11. Use a mental checklist to make a Fight-or-Flight Decision. Attempt to use an extinguisher only if ALL of the following apply: • The building is being evacuated (fire alarm is pulled). • The fire department is being called (dial 911) • The fire is small, contained and not spreading beyond its starting point. • The exit is clear, there is no imminent peril and you can fight the fire with your back to the exit.

  12. You can stay low and avoid smoke. • The proper extinguisher is immediately at hand. • You have read the instructions and know how to use the extinguisher.

  13. AIM low: Point the extinguisher nozzle (or hose) at the base of the fire. PULL the pin:This unlocks the operating lever and allows you to discharge the extinguisher. Some extinguishers may have other lever-release mechanisms.

  14. SQUEEZE the lever above the handle: This discharges the extinguishing agent.  Releasing the lever will stop the discharge.  (Some extinguishers have a button instead of a lever.) SWEEP from side to side:Moving carefully toward the fire, keep the extinguisher aimed at the base of the fire and sweep back and forth until the flames appear to be out.  Watch the fire area.  If the fire re-ignites, repeat the process.

  15. 5. Direct the extinguisher at the base of the flames until the fire is completely out.

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