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Marine Ecosystems Review

Marine Ecosystems Review . Ecology . Ecology is the science that studies how living organisms relate to each other and their environment . BIOTIC . LIVING organisms . Animals Plants Fungi Bacteria Protists. ABIOTIC. NONLIVING aspects of the environment. Temperature pH Currents

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Marine Ecosystems Review

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  1. Marine Ecosystems Review

  2. Ecology Ecology is the science that studies how living organisms relate to each other and their environment

  3. BIOTIC LIVING organisms • Animals • Plants • Fungi • Bacteria • Protists

  4. ABIOTIC NONLIVING aspects of the environment • Temperature • pH • Currents • Minerals • Sunlight • Rocks • Water

  5. HABITAT • Where the organism lives • Area and physical conditions where an organism lives • It’s “ Address”

  6. OCEAN ZONES

  7. SALT MARSH – Coastal EcosystemHigh Productivity Wet and dry, long grasses, thick mud, nutrients in sediment Located in Estuaries

  8. SALT MARSH – ABIOTIC FACTORS Flooding Tides Shallow water Sunlight Mud and Sediment

  9. SALT MARSH – BIOTIC FACTORS

  10. SALT MARSH – BIOTIC FACTORS Halophytes – Salt water plants….have adaptations allowing them to live in salt water ALGAE SALT GRASSES

  11. MANGROVE – Coastal Ecosystem Similar to Salt Marshes….bigger, tougher (trees)….found in tropical areas • Rich in organic material • tree roots covered in water • nursery to many growing organisms

  12. MANGROVE – Abiotic Factors Mud Shallow Waters- sunlight Warm temperatures Many nutrients

  13. MANGROVE TREES – Adaptations for life in salt water and mud with low oxygen Red Mangrove Has stilt like Roots • Black Mangrove – roots below water. “snorkel like root structures called Pneumatophores”

  14. MANGROVE – BIOTIC FACTORS

  15. Why Mangrove Ecosystem Important? Mangrove Trees Large Entangled Roots…. 1. Provide habitats for juvenile fish and invertebrates 2. Hold soil well, protects shoreline from erosion from currents, waves, and storms

  16. Coral Reef – Coastal EcosystemsContintental Shelf Vast assortment of life, stony formation built from seafloor up, sunny, warm waters, colorful

  17. Coral Reef – Abiotic Factors Sunlight Shallow water – moderate movement to prevent sediment from accomulating on polyps Warm Rocks Shells

  18. Coral Reef – Biotic Factors

  19. Kelp Forest – Coastal EcosystemsContintental Shelf Sunny, Cool waters, appears like a dense forest with kelp growing from the seafloor to ocean surface

  20. Kelp Forest – Abiotic Factors Rocky Coastlines Sunlight Clear Water Cool Temperatures

  21. Kelp Forest – Biotic Factors

  22. Open Ocean – Polar Artic

  23. Arctic – Abiotic Factors Cold, Icy Water – often dominated by ice Ice and snow – reduces sunlight in water Much sunlight in summer, Little sunlight in winter Ocean surrounded by land - bordered by shallow continental shelves of NA, Greenland, Russia, Eurasia

  24. Polar Seas – Arctic

  25. Polar Seas – Antarctic

  26. Antarctic – Abiotic Factors Cold Water – often dominated by ice Ice and snow – In winter…water at edges freeze adding an area the size of North America to the continent More Extreme Climate than Arctic Antarctica is a continent….not a frozen sea…it has its own continental shelf

  27. Polar Seas – Antarctic Biotic Factors

  28. Deep Sea Floor – Abiotic Factors Darkness Cold Deep water High Pressure No Photosynthesis occurs here Fewer communities here

  29. Deep Sea Floor – Benthic

  30. Marine Snow - is a continuous shower of mostly organic detritus (dead organisms & fecal matter) falling from the upper layers of the water.

  31. Whale Fall

  32. Open Ocean

  33. Open Ocean – Abiotic Factors Wide open spaces Available Sunlight Temperatures vary No land nearby

  34. Open Ocean – Biotic Factors

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