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Motivation and Emotion

Motivation and Emotion. liudexiang. Perspectives on motivation. Instincts Drive-reduction theory Arousal theory Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation A hierarchy of motives. Motive. Specific need or desire, such as hunger, thirst, or achievement, that prompts goal-directed behavior. .

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Motivation and Emotion

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  1. Motivation and Emotion liudexiang

  2. Perspectives on motivation • Instincts • Drive-reduction theory • Arousal theory • Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation • A hierarchy of motives

  3. Motive • Specific need or desire, such as hunger, thirst, or achievement, that prompts goal-directed behavior.

  4. Instincts • Inborn, inflexible, goal-directed behavior that is characteristic of an entire species.

  5. Drive-reduction theory • Drive :State of tension or arousal that motivates behavior. • Homeostasis: State of balance and stability in which the organism functions effectively. • Drive-reduction theory: States that motivated behavior is aimed at reducing a state of bodily tension or arousal and at returning the organism to homeostasis.

  6. Drive-reduction theory • Primary drive : An unlearned drive, such as hunger, that is based on a physiological state. • Second drive : A learned drive, such as ambition, that is not based on a physiological state.

  7. Arousal theory • Theory of motivation that proposes that organisms seek an optimal level of arousal. • Yerkes-Dodson Law : States that there is an optimal level of arousal for the best performance of any task; the more complex the task, the lower the level of arousal that can be tolerated before performance deteriorates.

  8. Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation • Intrinsic motivation : A desire to perform a behavior that stems from the enjoyment derived from the behavior itself. • Extrinsic motivation : A desire to perform a behavior to obtain an external reward or avoid punishment.

  9. A hierarchy of motives • Self-actualization needs • Esteem needs • Belongingness needs • Safety needs • Physiological needs

  10. Emotion • Feeling, such as fear, joy, or surprise, that underlies behavior.

  11. Theory of emotion • James-Lange theory • Cannon-Bard theory • Cognitive theory

  12. James-Lange theory • States that stimuli cause physiological changes in our bodies, and emotions result from those physiological changes.

  13. Cannon-Bard theory • States that the experience of emotion occurs simultaneously with biological changes.

  14. Cognitive theory • States that emotional experience depends on one’s perception or judgment of a situation.

  15. The End

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