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Juvenile Detention Reform: NYC's Data-Driven Policy & Community Alternatives

This presentation outlines the national landscape of juvenile detention reform, the development of risk assessment instruments, and the implementation of community-based alternatives to detention in New York City.

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Juvenile Detention Reform: NYC's Data-Driven Policy & Community Alternatives

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  1. Juvenile Detention Reform:New York City’s Commitment to Data-Driven Policy and Community-based Alternatives Annie Salsich Director, Center on Youth Justice Vera Institute of Justice May 4, 2009 May4, 2009

  2. Presentation Outline • Detention Reform: The National Landscape • Designing Local NYC Reform Strategies • Risk Assessment Instrument (RAI) • Alternatives to Detention (ATDs) • Implementing Local NYC Reform Strategies

  3. Detention Reform: The National Landscape

  4. National Landscape: Use of Detention Risk Assessments • Structured decision-making • Measuring 2 types of risk • Re-offense during pendency of case • Failure to appear (FTA) during pendency of case • Identifying 3 levels of risk • Low: Release w/ no formal supervision • Mid: Release w/ Alternative to Detention programming • High: Eligible for detention

  5. National Landscape: Approaches to RAI Development • Consensus (normative) approach (e.g., Cook County, Illinois; Multnomah County, Oregon) • Review national models • Stakeholder discussion and decision-making • Ratification of draft instrument for testing • Statistical (empirical) approach (NYC) • Collect data on a wide-range of potential risk factors and analyze which factors are most associated with risk of FTA and re-arrest

  6. National Landscape: Use of Alternatives to Detention (ATDs) What: • Short-term community-based supervision For Whom: • Youth who score mid-risk on the RAI Why: • To provide the least-restrictive setting and to ensure that youth appear in court and do not re-offend during pendency of case

  7. Designing and Implementing NYC Reform Strategies

  8. NYC Risk Assessment Instrument (RAI):Sampling and Analysis • Data collected on every delinquency arrest referred to prosecution (citywide) between May and Sept 2006 • 1,782 cases • Sample then tracked through June 2007 • Court data • Detention data • Arrest data • Baselines • 1,053 cases actually petitioned (prosecuted) • Re-arrested: 279 (26%) • Failed to appear: 182 (17%)

  9. Factors Associated with Risk Risk of FTA Risk of Re-Arrest • Unsealed Prior arrest • Unsealed Prior Felony Arrest • Prior JD Adjudication • Prior Designated Felony • Currently on JD Probation • School Attendance > 80% in last full semester (-point) • Open JD Warrant • Prior JD/PINS Warrant • No Adult at Probation Intake • School Attendance < 30% in last full semester

  10. Petitioned Cases by Risk Level (N=1,053)

  11. NYC Alternative to Detention Continuum:Service Providers • Tier I & II (Community Monitoring and After-School Supervision) • One community-based nonprofit organization per borough (5 boroughs) • Contracted by the City’s Criminal Justice Coordinator’s Office • Tier III (Intensive Community Monitoring) • City Department of Probation (2 ICM workers per borough) • Contracted by the City’s Criminal Justice Coordinator’s Office

  12. NYC Alternative to Detention Continuum

  13. Implementation • Ongoing City Stakeholder Meetings • Presentations & Trainings for all Constituencies • Staggered Roll-out • Queens: June 2007 • Brooklyn: July 2007 • Manhattan: December 2007 • Bronx: January 2008 • Staten Island: April 2009

  14. Preliminary Outcomes • 14,420 RAIs have been completed at probation intake since June 2007. • 5,154 cases have been arraigned as of January 6, 2009. • 998 youth (19% of arraigned cases) were sent to an ATD program as of January 6, 2009.

  15. Preliminary Outcomes: Detention at Arraignment

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