1. Irregular Plurals

2. Form most nouns add “s” book - books idea - ideas student - students camera - cameras shoe - shoes

3. For nouns ending in s, x, z, ch, or sh, add “es”. • tax – taxes • class - classes • wish – wishes • branch - branches • boss – bosses • fox – foxes

4. For nouns ending in y preceded by a consonant, change the y to “ie” and add “s”. • country – countries • baby - babies • pony – ponies • family - families

5. For nouns ending in y preceded by a vowel by adding “s”. • tray – trays • monkey - monkeys

6. Some nouns ending in f or fe add “s”. For others change the f or fe to “v” and add “es”. • thief – thieves • belief – believes • half - halves

7. For nouns ending in o preceded by a vowel add “s”. • decoy – decoys • alley - alleys

8. The plural of many nouns ending in o preceded by a consonant is formed by adding “es”. • hero – heroes • tomato – tomatoes

9. The plural of a few nouns is formed in irregular ways. • mouse – mice • foot – feet • goose – geese • mother-in-law – mothers-in-law • drive-in – drive-ins • deer – deer • fish - fish

10. Form plurals of numerals, dates, signs, and words referred to as words by adding “’s”. • 1900 – 1900’s • A – A’s

11. Directions: Spell the plural form of each of the following nouns. • monkey • trophy • diary • hoof • Sioux • basketball • Japanese • son-in-law • car pool • sit-up

12. Directions: Spell the plural form of each of the following nouns. • monkeys • trophies • diaries • hooves • Sioux • basketballs • Japanese • sons-in-law • car pools • sit-ups