Sameer Sharma Sameer.sharma@itut Senior Advisor ITU Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific

1. Africa Asia Regulatory Conference “NGN Standards and Deployments in Asia-Pacific” 14-15 February 2012 Colombo, Sri Lanka Sameer Sharma Sameer.sharma@itu.int Senior Advisor ITU Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific

2. Agenda • NGN Drivers • Role of ITU-T in Setting Standards • ITU-T Standardization work on NGN • ITU-R Standardization work on NGN • Case Study of NGN Deployments

3. “In the 21st century, affordable broadband access to the Internet is becoming as vital to social and economic development as networks like transport, water and power” –Dr Hamadoun Touré, ITU Secretary-General

4. Convergence:From end-users to Information Society Invention Improvisation Digitalization Computer ……. Convergence Telephone ……. The innovation continues …….. Television …….

5. ICT and climate change moving toward the information Society responsibly……….. CONVERGENCE Digital Cities Smart Grids Security in Cyberspace Fully Networked Car e-commerce e-education e-governance e-health

6. Changing Institutional Frameworks Legislations embracing the power of convergence as well as addressing concerns such as Cybersecurity on the rise. Legislation Institutional convergence including Telecom, Broadcasting, IT and in some cases even beyond on ground: e.g., Australia, China, India, Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Institution Converged policy & regulatory frameworks evolving: e.g., Converged Licensing (Malaysia), Authorization (European Union), Unified Access License (India). Digital Signature, etc. Policies & Regulations

7. Drivers of NGN • Promote fair competition • Encourage private investment • Provide open access to networks • Single billing contact with the consumer • Faster roll-out for new services • Reduces cost of infrastructure :Affordability  • Can enable developing countries to leapfrog and extend broadband connectivity NGN Architecture

8. NGN Regulatory Drivers Data Services (WWW, e-mail, etc) Telephone Services Video Services (TV, movie, etc) Video Services Network Telephone Services Network Data Services Network Service-based Pol./Reg. Transport Agnostic Access Agnostic Service/Application Provider Domain Access Network Provider Domain SPm Pol. Reg. SP3 SP1 SP2 Voice Internet Video MM ANP 1 (DSL) ANP 2 (DSL) CNP 1 CNP 2 ANP 3 (Opt) IP (Future Packet ?) Platform Pol. X Reg. x CNP 3 User xDSL/Optic based Fixed-Mobile ANP N (Cable) Resource-based Pol./Reg. Core Network Provider Domain Pre-NGN

9. Paradigm Shifts: Interdependence ! • Policy & Regulatory Drivers • Introduction of competition • Lowering barriers to entry and operation • Fostering business innovation and converged services • Promoting ubiquity of services • Recognizing telecommunication networks as a backbone for e-economy • Increasing interests from governments to capitalize on the benefits of telecom networks INTERDEPENDENCE • Business Drivers • - Ability to provide triple & quadruple play • Internet becoming the common delivery platform for all types of content services • Increasing capacity to accommodate multiple services • Ability of ISPs to provide services closely competing with Telcos • Unlicensed spectrum & spectrum trading • Peer-to-peer arrangements • Grey-markets created by disruptive technologies" • Technology Drivers • - Switch from copper to wireless and optical fibre • Increasing role of software • Increasing capacity to accommodate multiple services • Centralized to distributed network architectures • Operator-centric to User-centric • Standardized to customized • PSTN/PLMN to IP enabled NGN Technology & Service Neutral Policy/ Regulatory Regime

10. Role of ITU-T in Setting Standards

11. Why Standards? • Worldwide standards provide manufacturers with a solid basis on which to compete in the global marketplace, unhindered by technical barriers. • Also, because global standards can translate into formidable economies of scale and lower development and hardware costs, they mean lower prices to end-users. • Global standards protect users from incompatibility problems between rival systems – a situation which could prove disastrous in a world increasingly reliant on information and communication technologies (ICT) to support economic activity and essential public services such as health care.

12. Role of ITU-T • ITU-T offers a unique contribution driven and consensus based environment, using the latest collaboration tools and facilities.  • ITU’s role as creator of the world’s most universally-recognized Info communications standards dates back in 1865. • The Union has been brokering industry consensus on the technologies and services that form the backbone of the world’s largest, most interconnected man-made system. • In 2007 alone ITU-T produced over 160 new and revised standards covering everything from core network functionality and broadband to next-generation services like IPTV.  • Global standards are only truly global if developing country needs are taken into account

13. Entering proposals at WTSA on future study questions and work programmes Nominating representatives as study group chairs, vice - chairs. rapporteurs , focus group chairs etc Giving contributions at Study Groups and related meetings Attracting ITU meetings and/or regional groups (Res 54) Going to Study Groups and related meetings ITU Sector or Associate Membership National training and capacity - building in use of ITU Recommendations Growing usage of ITU Recommendations Standardization Development Ladder Entering proposals E It’s all about ENGAGING with ITU and its Membership Nominating reps N G Giving inputs Attracting meetings A Going to meetings G ITU Membership I National Training N Growing Usage G

14. Role of ITU-T

15. Past ITU-T NGN Milestones 2003 JRG-NGN Y.2001 Y. 2011 11 draft Recommendations 2004-2005 FG-NGN 30 Documents collected in Proceeding Book ~ 2008 NGN-GSI (1st Phase) NACF RACF QoS/Security Mobility ~ 2010 NGN-GSI (2nd Phase) NGN Rev.1 IPv6 NGN IPTV/CD&F NGUN, N-ID &IdM ~ 2012 NGN-GSI (2nd Phase ... going) Future Networks OSE/SIDE USN, DSN Cloud Computing Future Present JRG: Joint Rapporteur Group GSI: Global Standards Initiative FG: Focus Group SG: Study Group

16. Mission and Mandates of SG 13 Leading Study Group: Roles of ITU-T SG13 SG13 was NGN group WTSA 2004 • Lead study group for NGN and Satellite SG13 covers ‘Future networks including mobile and NGN’ WTSA 2008 • Lead study group for Future Networks and NGN • Lead study group on Mobility Management and Fixed-Mobile Convergence

17. Study Group Overview History of Studies in SG13 ISDN I series Recommendations GII Y.100 series Recommendations IP-based Networks Y.1000 series Recommendations Y.2000series Rec NGN Y.1900series Rec IPTV Future Networks IMT 2000 Q.1700 Series Rec Y.3000 Series Rec

18. Study Group Overview-II High Level View of SG13 Work Scopes • NGN • FMC • IPTV • Ubiquitous Networking • USN/RFIDs • Web based • Open Environment • Climate Change • Future Networks • Others Requirements Architectures QoS and Security Mobility Future Mobile Fixed FMC Infrastructural Frameworks

19. Requirements, architecture, evolution and convergence of future networks including IPv6 NGN and network aspects of IdM IMT, wireless Internet, FMC, mobility management, mobile multimedia network functions, internetworking, interoperability and enhancements to existing ITU‑T Recommendations on IMT. Study Group Overview-III Future Net-works

20. Status of NGN Developments SIDE OSE Y.2291

21. ITU –T NGN Recommendations

22. Study Group 13: Questions and Structures

23. Definition of FN: A network able to provide services, capabilities, and facilities difficult to provide using existing network technologies. A Future Network is either: Target Date: roughly2015-2020 Vision of Future Networks (Y.3001) Service awareness Data awareness a) A new component network or an enhanced version of an existing one, or b) A heterogeneous collection of new component networks or of new and existing component networks that is operated as a single network. Service Diversity Functional Flexibility Data Access Virtualization of Resources Identification Network Management Mobility Reliability and Security Environmental awareness Social and economic awareness Service Universalization Energy Consumption Economic Incentives Optimization 4 objectives and12 design goals

24. IMT Advanced 24 In 2000, work began on “IMT-Advanced” — the global platform on which to build the next generations of fixed and mobile wireless broadband services This process, which is now concluding, involved a detailed assessment of market needs up to 2020, identification of suitable spectrum and the detailed specification of the globally agreed radio interfaces Selection of radio interfaces was decided in October 2010, and the detailed specifications for IMT-Advanced finalized in 2011

25. Decisions • LTE-Advanced and WirelessMAN-Advanced technologies were each determined to have successfully met all of the criteria established by ITU-R for the first release of IMT-Advanced. • LTE-Advanced isdeveloped by 3GPP as LTE Release 10 and Beyond (LTE-Advanced). • WirelessMAN-Advanced is developed by IEEE as the WirelessMAN-Advanced specification incorporated in IEEE Std 802.16 beginning with approval of IEEE Std 802.16m. • Full details of the submissions and evaluation process are contained in the recently approved Report ITU-R M.2198 • The detailed technical specifications of these radio interfaces will be contained in Recommendation ITU-R M.[RSPEC] to be finalized in early 2012.

26. Case Study on NGN Deployments

27. NGN and Best Practices in Philippines, India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Bangladesh • Present and share state of the art for NGN evolution in selected countries within Asia Pacific Region in relation to network migration and regulation. • Analyze current status per country and propose a common base for BB services deployment, NGN migration and actions to help country actors to progress in the modernization of network, services and related regulation. • Prepare a guide book to help on the strategic decisions and activities towards harmonized solutions for a better ICT development in selected countries.

28. Country Highlights : Philippines IDI: 2,63- Maturity level is high in the literacy, second enrollment and available Bandwidth per internet user, while indicators for the specific internet penetration and BB access both on fixed network and mobile are significantly low

29. Country Highlights : Philippines • 4 large national operators for fixed out of 73 • 10 mobile operators and 1 MVNO • 241 ISPs • PLDT dominant operator at all segments • Competition level: medium

30. Country Highlights : Philippines • Diagram illustrates the relations between speeds and prices that are: • close between operators (low competition level) • and show a significant linear increase with speeds. • It is derived that economies of scale inherent to the technologies are not applied in order to reduce prices at higher speeds that constitutes a barrier for development

31. Country Highlights : Philippines • Dominant BB speed is 512 Kbps • Low percentage of medium-low speeds: 1 Mbps, 2 Mbps and no offers of medium-high or high speeds

32. Country Highlights : Philippines From benchmarking with representative more advanced operators it is proposed to develop offers of medium-high and high speeds to enable services that generate value added to the society and better revenues

33. Country Highlights : Philippines From benchmarking with representative more advanced operators it is proposed to apply economies of scale to reduce prices of higher speeds and enhance development.

34. Country Highlights : India IDI: 1,75- Maturity level is high in the literacy, second enrollment and available Bandwidth per internet user, while indicators for the specific internet penetration and BB access both on fixed network and mobile are significantly low

35. Country Highlights : India Diagram illustrates the relations between speeds and prices that show a significant linear increase with speeds. • It is derived that economies of scale inherent to the technologies are not applied in order to reduce prices at higher speeds that constitutes a barrier for development

36. Country Highlights : India • From benchmarking with representative more advanced operators it is proposed to apply economies of scale to reduce prices of higher speeds and enhance development

37. Country Highlights : Sri Lanka • IDI: 2,51- Maturity level is high in the literacy and second enrollment , medium in fixed lines and significantly low for the internet penetration and BB access both on fixed network and mobile.

38. Country Highlights : Sri Lanka • Dominant speeds 512 Kbps and 1 Mbps. From benchmarking with representative more advanced operators it is proposed to develop offers of medium-high and high speeds to enable services that generate value added to the society and better revenues

39. Country Highlights : Sri Lanka • Diagram illustrates the relations between speeds and prices that are • very close between operators (low competition level) • and show a high linear increase with speeds. • It is derived that economies of scale inherent to the technologies are not applied in order to reduce prices at higher speeds that constitutes a barrier for development

40. Country Highlights : Sri Lanka From benchmarking with representative more advanced operators it is proposed to apply economies of scale to reduce prices of higher speeds and enhance development

41. Country Highlights : Thailand • IDI: 3,27- Maturity level is high in the literacy, second enrollment and available Bandwidth per internet user, medium for tertiary enrollment and internet access while indicators for BB access both on fixed network and mobile are significantly low.

42. Country Highlights : Thailand • Additional Objectives for Thailand Project • To undertake network assessment and audit for the status of the existing copper access network infrastructure in Bangkok • Analyze target modelsand architecture for Outside Plant (OSP), network systems and services • Evaluate dynamic migration models over time towards target solution based on technical dimensioning and business evaluations • Recommend network modernization to support triple play services with at least 8 Mbps • To provide guidelines and recommendations on current access network capability toward NGN including economics of access network upgrading, NGN planning and deployment of ICT-based services over the access network • To extract generic conclusions and experiences with applicability to other countries of the Region

43. Country Highlights : Thailand LL length distribution in Bangkok shows a good shape due to the population settlements around nucleus and good historical practices in topology design

44. Country Highlights : Thailand • Differential NPV at perpetuity rate trough time: gain after year 3 justifies the important investments in OSP and access modernization with BB at 8 Mbps and including IPTV thanks to the economy of scale on Convergence

45. Country Highlights : Thailand • Further studies and sensitivity analysis recommended for the access scenarios include the following ones: • A) Lower density cases in suburban scenarios in order to analyze up to which density and services mix the current conclusions of this study could be maintained. • B) New architectures with IP closer to the customer at an all IP CPE that allows for services end-to-end IP, cost reduction in the node but higher investments in customer CPE renovation • C) FTTH for services requiring 30 or 100 Mbps according to customer density services demand and OSP status versus VDSL solutions • D)Infrastructure sharing modeling and business evaluation for cases as well as for a common underground renovation/installation of ducts at a single shot for all involved companies (Telecom, CATV, Electricity, etc.) http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/tech/direct_assistance/Thailand_GuidelinesNGNAccessPlanning_Report_2_FINAL_%20Nov2009.pdf

46. NGN Planning for Access Evolution in BTC, Bangladesh • To provide and share information on NGN migration strategies, technologies and cases in the APAC region and Worldwide • To undertake network assessment and audit for the status of the existing copper access network infrastructure in Dhaka • Evaluate dynamic migration models over time towards target solution based on technical dimensioning and business evaluations • Recommend network modernization and guidelines to support triple play services with at least 8 Mbps by installing remote Multiservice nodes closer to customer and shortening local loop.

47. Conclusions NGN Migration is a complex issue requiring close cooperation amongst regulators ,policy makers industry stakeholders to promote innovation ITU-T and ITU-R provide solid foundation by developing interoperable standards for NGN ITU Recommendations have since been made available free for access to all ITU has taken several initiatives to facilitate migration towards NGN Guidelines on Migration Strategies to NGN ITU ASP COE Training courses on NGN Planning / Applications Case Studies , Country Specific Actions on NGN ITU encourages your contribution to Study Group questions and standardization work on NGN

48. I THANK U ITU : http://www.itu.int ITU Asia Pacific : http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/asp/CMS/index.asp E mail: sameer.sharma@itu.int

49. Study Group-1 Question 7-3/1 – Implementation of universal access to broadband services Question 12-3/1 – Tariff policies, tariff models and methods of determining the costs of services on national telecommunication networks, including next-generation networks Question 18-2/1 – Enforcing national policies and regulations on consumer protection notably in a converging environment Question 19-2/1 – Implementation of IP telecommunication services in developing countries Study Group 2 Question 25/2 – Access technology for broadband telecommunications including IMT, for developing countries Question 26/2 – Migration from existing networks to next-generation networks for developing countries: technical, regulatory and policy aspects ITU-D Study Group Questions ( 2011-14) Contributions, participation, response to survey questions encouraged

50. Road to Next-Generation Regulation GSR2007 Best Practice Guidelines for Next-Generation Networks Migration Regulators Roadmap to address NGN migration and meet the WSIS goals “An enabling regulatory regime can foster innovation, investment and affordable access to NGNs and facilitate migration to NGNs” • Establish forward-looking regulatory regimes • Recognizing the need for regulatory flexibility and technology neutrality • Removing undue regulatory barriers to competition • and innovation • Establish investment-friendly regulation while maintaining a level playing field and protecting consumer interests The best practice guidelines cover as well authorization, access, interconnection, numbering and NGN identification systems, universal access, quality of service, consumer awareness, security and protection.