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Mitosis and meiosis

Mitosis and meiosis. Cell Replication. It’s all about the dna . Genetic storage. Humans are a diploid (2n) species; 46 chromosomes Humans gametes are haploid (n) ; 23 chromosomes. Cell replication: 2 options.

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Mitosis and meiosis

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  1. Mitosis and meiosis Cell Replication

  2. It’s all about the dna...

  3. Genetic storage • Humans are a diploid (2n) species; 46 chromosomes • Humans gametes are haploid (n);23 chromosomes

  4. Cell replication: 2 options • 1) MITOSIS: division of a nucleus into two genetically identical nuclei (IPMAT) • Somatic cells • 2) MEIOSIS: division of nucleus that involves two divisions and one duplication of chromosomes; results in haploid (n) gametes with one chromosome from each homogolous pair • Gametes (sex cells) • CYTOKINESIS: division of a cells cytoplasm into two distinct cells

  5. mitosis 1. Interphase 2. Prophase 3. Metaphase 4. Anaphase 5. Telophase 6. Cytokinesis

  6. Meiosis 7. Prophase 2 8. Metaphase 2 9. Anaphase 2 10. Telophase 2 11. Cytokinesis 2 1. Interphase 2. Prophase 1 3. Metaphase 1 4. Anaphase 1 5. Telophase 1 6. Cytokinesis 1

  7. The Cell Cycle (Mitosis)

  8. Interphase • Growth and DNA replication

  9. Prophase • Chromosomes condense • Nuclear membrane begins to dissolve • Spindle fibers attach to the centromeres • Centrioles move to opposite poles

  10. Metaphase • Chromosomes line up at the equatorial plate • Nuclear membrane completely dissolves

  11. Anaphase • Centromeres divide and the resulting chromosomes move to opposite poles of the cell • Identical chromosomes at each pole

  12. Telophase • Chromosomes lengthen again • Spindle fibres dissolve • Nuclear membrane forms • Cytokinesis: • Cytoplasm begins to divide • A furrow develops pinching of the cell into two parts • Resulting in two separate daughter cells

  13. If that seems like a lot... • Ana and the pro wrestlers might be up your alley... X X

  14. Mitosis vs. meiosis • http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/body/how-cells-divide.html

  15. Interphase • DNA has already duplicated • Paternal and Maternal Chromosomes duplicated

  16. Prophase 1 Synapsis • Chromosomes condense • Homologous chromosomes come together (Tetrad) • Crossing over occurs • Spindle fibers attach to homologous pairs

  17. Crossing Over

  18. Metaphase 1 • Chromosomes line up at the equatorial plate

  19. Anaphase 1 • Homologous chromosomes separate to opposite poles

  20. Telophase • Nucleus completes its division. • Results in two cells that are haploid (x2) • Cytoplasm divides during cytokinesis

  21. Prophase 2 • Centrioles move to opposite poles • Chromosomes become attached to spindle fibres

  22. Metaphase 2 • Chromosomes line up at equatorial plate

  23. Anaphase 2 • Sister Chromatids of each chromosome separate and move to opposite poles

  24. Telophase 2 • Spindle fibres detach • Cytoplasm separates (Cytokinesis) • Left with four haploid cells

  25. Gametogenesis

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